ʻO nā mea hana mahu no ka sterilization o nā huahana waiu

ʻO ka hale hana waiū ke kumu o ka waiū, a ʻo ka palekana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ke kumu o ka meaʻai. ʻO ka meaʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka waiū he paradaiso no nā hana microbial, a ʻo ka sterilization o nā huahana waiū he loulou nui loa. ʻO nā kaʻina hana o nā huahana waiu ka nui: ka nānā ʻana i ka waiū maka, ka waiū maʻemaʻe, ka refrigeration, preheating, homogeneous sterilization (a i ʻole sterilization), ka hoʻoluʻu, ka hoʻopiha aseptic (a i ʻole ka sterilization), ka fermentation, ka mālama ʻana i nā huahana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. e like me ka disinfection a me ka maloʻo e pono ai ka mahu, ma waena o ka fermentation, disinfection a me ka sterilization i nā huahana waiu e koi ai i ka mahu kiʻekiʻe loa, a maʻemaʻe a ʻO nā meaʻai maʻemaʻe maʻemaʻe maʻemaʻe kahi mea pono no nā huahana waiu.
ʻO ka fermentation huahana e pili ana i ka fermentation o ka waiū maka e ka bacteria lactic acid a i ʻole co-fermentation o ka lactic acid bacteria a me ka hū i loko o kahi ʻano wela mau ma lalo o ka hana a nā microorganism kikoʻī e hana ai i nā huahana dairy acid.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka sterilization huahana: pasteurize ma kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no ka manawa lōʻihi, mālama i ka waiū ma kahi o 60 ° C no 30 mau minuke; pasteurize i ke kiʻekiʻe wela a me ka manawa pōkole, mālama i ka waiū ma 72 ~ 75 ° C no 15 ~ 20S; Ultra-high temperature sterilization (UHT), mālama i ka waiū ma 135-140°C no 3-6S; ʻO ka sterilization ma hope o ka pūʻolo, mālama i ka waiū i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma 115-120 ° C no 20-30 mau minuke.
ʻO ka hana kikoʻī o ka mahu maʻemaʻe i ka sterilization o nā huahana waiu, e like me ka ultra-high temperature sterilization (UHT), hui pū i ka waiū preheated me ka mahu, hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā ia i 135°C koke, mālama iā ia mehana no kekahi mau kekona, a laila uila e hooluolu koke a lawe i ka waiu. ʻO ka mahu i hui pū ʻia ka wai. Ma kēia ʻano, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā huahana waiu ma ka lumi wela a mālama ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻoiai e pale ana i ka ʻono o ka waiū, a me ka hōʻoia ʻana ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia ka waiū e nā kumu e like me ka wai umu, ka hao hao, nā kemika mālama wai. , a me na mea ala. Lawe ʻia e ka mahu ʻoihana. Ka manaʻo. Hoʻokō nā mea hana mahu nobles me nā koi FDA a me EN285 no ka mahu maʻemaʻe. Ma ka manawa like, hiki i ka mana hoʻololi alapine naʻauao ke hoʻomaopopo i ka lako mahu a me ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka mahu, e pale ana i ka pau ʻana o ka ikehu mahu i nā ʻoihana.
I ka manawa like, ʻo ka laina hana maʻalahi a me ka nānā pono ʻana o ka mea hana mahu i loko o ka hale hana o ka hale hana waiu e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ke kaomi mahu a hoʻopau ʻia ke kūlana hoʻonohonoho kaomi, hoʻopau ʻia ka mākaʻikaʻi lima, a me ka mana hana o ka hana. hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka laina.