Jenereta yamafuta amafuta

Yeretsani jenereta ya distillation tank nthunzi jenereta yotumiza mwachangu

Chiyambi cha jenereta yamafuta amafuta

1. Tanthauzo
Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, jenereta ya nthunzi yamoto ndi makina omwe amagwiritsa ntchito dizilo kutentha madzi m'madzi otentha kapena nthunzi; jenereta ya nthunzi ya gasi ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wachilengedwe kutenthetsa madzi m'madzi otentha kapena nthunzi.

2. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito
Majenereta a nthunzi yamafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzachilengedwe, kukonza chakudya, m'mafakitale azachipatala ndi zamankhwala, ndi zina zambiri; ma jenereta a nthunzi ya gasi ndi oyenera ma canteens akulu, mabizinesi ndi mabungwe, malo odyera zakudya mwachangu, makhitchini a hotelo omwe amafunikira zida zophikira, kukonzanso kopulumutsa mphamvu kwa makhitchini a hotelo, ma saunas, kukonzanso zopulumutsa mphamvu zama boilers ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, ndi zina zambiri.

3. Mfundo yogwira ntchito
1. Jenereta ya nthunzi yamafuta
Jenereta ya nthunzi yamafuta ndi gawo lofunikira lamagetsi opangira magetsi. Mu yosadziwika mkombero riyakitala mphamvu zomera, kutentha mphamvu akamagwira riyakitala coolant kuchokera pachimake anasamutsa yachiwiri kuzungulira ntchito sing'anga kusandutsa kukhala nthunzi. Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma evaporator omwe amapangidwa kamodzi kokha omwe amapanga nthunzi yotentha kwambiri komanso zoziziritsa kukhosi zokhala ndi zolekanitsa ndi zowumitsa madzi a nthunzi.
Jenereta ya nthunzi yamafuta imakhala ndi magawo awiri: gawo lamafuta otentha ndi evaporator.

Gawo lamafuta otentha ndi mafuta otenthetsera kutentha kwambiri omwe amalowa mu chubu cha jenereta ya nthunzi kudzera pa pampu yamafuta otentha kapena molunjika kuchokera ku ng'anjo yonyamula kutentha. Kutentha mu chubu kumasamutsidwa kumadzi mumphika wakunja wa chubu kudzera pa khoma la chubu pamlingo wina wothamanga ndi kutentha, kutentha madzi, ndi mafuta otumizira kutentha kumakhala Kuziziritsa ndikubwerera ku ng'anjo yotentha kuti ibwererenso.

Chisakanizo cha malasha ophwanyidwa ndi mpweya wotulutsidwa kuchokera mu chowotchacho chimasakanikirana ndikuwotcha ndi mpweya wotsala mu ng'anjo, kutulutsa kutentha kwakukulu. Mpweya wotentha wa flue ukayaka motsatizana umayenda mu ng'anjo, slag condensation chubu bundle, superheater, economizer ndi air preheater, kenako amadutsa mu chipangizo chochotsera fumbi kuchotsa phulusa la ntchentche, kenako amatumizidwa ku chimney ndi woyeserera wokokera. kutulutsidwa mumlengalenga.

2. Jenereta ya nthunzi ya gasi
Chowotchacho chimatulutsa kutentha, komwe kumayamba kutengeka ndi khoma loziziritsidwa ndi madzi kudzera mu kutentha kwa ma radiation. Madzi a pakhoma lotayidwa ndi madzi amawira ndi kuphweteka, kutulutsa nthunzi yambiri yomwe imalowa mu ng'oma ya nthunzi kuti ilekanitse madzi a nthunzi. Nthunzi yopatukana yodzaza imalowa mu chotenthetsera chapamwamba ndipo imapitilirabe kuyamwa pamwamba pa ng'anjoyo kudzera mu radiation ndi convection. Ndipo kutentha kwa gasi wa chitoliro cha chitoliro chopingasa ndi chitoliro cha mchira, ndikupanga nthunzi yotentha kwambiri kufika kutentha komwe kumafunikira.

4. Ubwino
Pali zabwino zambiri za jenereta yamafuta ndi gasi yodziyimira yokha. The vaporization ndi chete, kuchepetsa kunyamula madzi, ndi evaporation pamwamba ndi lalikulu; nthunzi imakhala yowuma komanso yapamwamba kwambiri, kuchepetsa makulitsidwe pakhoma la chubu; chipwirikiti lawi lawilo limatsikira pansi kuti lipange vortex, zomwe zimatsimikizira kufalikira Kusakaniza kumapangitsa kuti matenthedwe azigwira bwino ntchito.

5. Makhalidwe a nkhani
1. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mafuta opangira mpweya wamagetsi imakhala yodziwikiratu. Pambuyo polumikiza mzere wa madzi ndi magetsi, mumangofunika kukanikiza batani kuti mulowe m'malo ogwirira ntchito. Palibe antchito apadera omwe amafunikira kuti agwire ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yotetezeka komanso yopanda nkhawa.

2. Tanki yamkati imatenga mawonekedwe atatu odutsa ofukula amadzi opingasa. Machubu a flue ndi fin chubu amatenthedwa ndikusinthanitsa kutentha, ndipo kutentha kwamafuta kumafika kupitirira 92%. Chowotcha cha nthunzi ndi chowotcha chimapangidwa chonse kuti chiwonetsetse kuti makina oyaka moto amafanana, omwe ndi kuphatikiza kwachilengedwe kopulumutsa mphamvu komanso ukadaulo woteteza chilengedwe.

3. Ntchito yolamulira yokhayokha. Makina opangira boiler amawongoleredwa bwino, ndipo mawonekedwe onse ogwiritsira ntchito amatha kuwoneka bwino pazenera la LCD. Mutha kuyang'ana momwe chowotchera chimagwirira ntchito, momwe muliri wamadzi otenthetsera, kutentha kwapano, pampu yamadzi akuthamanga, mawonekedwe a alarm alarm, ndi zina zambiri pachiwonetsero, kukulolani kuti mumvetsetse momwe chowotchera chimagwirira ntchito nthawi iliyonse ndikuchigwiritsa ntchito molimba mtima. Kuwongolera kwa batani limodzi lopusa kumakupatsani mwayi woti mugwiritse ntchito zokha ndikungodina kamodzi, ndipo zida zonse zoteteza chitetezo zimayamba kugwira ntchito.

4. Mapangidwe otetezeka komanso asayansi. Ili ndi zida zodzitchinjiriza zingapo monga ma valve otetezera, zowongolera kuthamanga, ndi zoteteza kuwongolera kwamadzi, zomwe ndi zodalirika ndipo zimatengera mawonekedwe a ng'anjo yamadzi amtundu wa chitoliro chamadzi kuti athe kubweza bwino kukulitsa kwamafuta ndikuletsa kubadwa kwamafuta. kukulitsa ndi kupsinjika kwapang'onopang'ono, kupanga mawonekedwe a boiler, kukulitsa moyo wautumiki.

5. Nthunzi yofulumira. Mapangidwe amadzi ang'onoang'ono ndi cellar yayikulu ya nthunzi amakulolani kuti mupeze nthunzi kwakanthawi kochepa. Chipangizo cholekanitsa madzi a nthunzi chimatsimikizira nthunzi yowuma kwambiri.

Poyang'anizana ndi kugwa kwachuma komanso kuchepa kwa kukula kwachuma, chitukuko cha zachuma chalowa mu gawo latsopano lachitukuko. Munthawi yovutayi, chitukuko chamitundu yonse chakhudzidwa kwambiri. Komabe, chifukwa cha kukwera msanga kwachuma m’zaka zaposachedwa komanso kukwera kwapang’onopang’ono kwa anthu omwe amamwa mowa mwauchidakwa, malipiro a ogwira ntchito akweranso. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, pali makampani ambiri omwe sangathe kulemba antchito, zomwe zimawonjezera ndalama zogwirira ntchito zamakampani mosawoneka bwino.

M'malo ovuta awa, makampani akufuna kukhala ndi moyo ndikutukuka. Ngati sangathe kuchitapo kanthu kuti athe kuwongolera ndalama zogwirira ntchito, ndiye kuti kampaniyo idzamezedwa ndi mafunde munthawi ino ya mafunde akulu.

Tiyeni titenge chitsanzo cha mafakitale opanga zakudya. Mafakitole opangira chakudya ndi mafakitale ochuluka kwambiri, ndipo ntchito yokonza zakudya ndi yotsika mtengo. Chifukwa chake, sikophweka kuti mabizinesi apulumuke ndikutukuka munthawi ino yamavuto azachuma komanso kukwera kwa malipiro. Chifukwa chake, malo opangira chakudya ayenera kuyesetsa momwe angathere kuwongolera ndalama zoyendetsera bizinesi momwe angathere popanda kuwononga zofuna za ogwira ntchito. Ndiye njira yotulukira ndiyo kugula zida zopulumutsira mphamvu komanso zachilengedwe, kuyambira pa ulalo wopangira, kupititsa patsogolo kupanga komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu nthawi imodzi.

Tiyeni titenge ma jenereta a nthunzi, zida zophikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale opangira chakudya, monga chitsanzo. Msikawu umagwiritsa ntchito malasha, mafuta, gasi, biomass ndi kutentha kwamagetsi ngati mafuta. Chifukwa chake kusankha mtundu wa jenereta ya nthunzi yomwe ingagwirizane ndi zosowa za kampani yanu kuyenera kuweruzidwa mosamala. Nthawi zambiri, makampani akuluakulu opanga zakudya amagwiritsa ntchito malasha, mafuta, gasi, ndi biomass ngati mafuta chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo komwe amapanga.

Komabe, chifukwa cha khama lowonjezereka loyang’anira chilengedwe, n’zachionekere kuti kugwiritsa ntchito majenereta a nthunzi yamalasha n’kosayenera, choncho majenereta a nthunzi amene amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta, gasi, kapena biomass monga mafuta angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kwa mafakitale ang'onoang'ono opangira chakudya, ma jenereta otenthetsera nthunzi amagetsi amawoneka kuti akugwirizana kwambiri ndi zomwe kampaniyo imapanga. Chifukwa chopangira magetsi chamakono chotenthetsera magetsi chimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowotchera pafupipafupi, chowotcha chamagetsi chamagetsi chimatha kuyendetsedwa molingana ndi momwe zinthu zimapangidwira mufakitale, zomwe zimatha kupulumutsa mphamvu ndikuchepetsa ndalama zopangira.

Makantini ndi malo odyera, monga malo omwe amapangira zakudya zazikulu komanso kudyerako magulu, ali ndi zofunika kwambiri paziwiya zophikira. Ngati zida zopangira chakudya zotetezeka, zopulumutsa mphamvu komanso zachilengedwe sizigwiritsidwa ntchito, zidzakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pakupanga chakudya chanthawi zonse, motero Zingakhudze mbiri ndi kuthekera kwa malo odyera a canteen.

Pankhani ya magwero matenthedwe mphamvu mu canteens ndi odyera, m'mbuyomu canteens ndi odyera makamaka ntchito nkhuni, malasha, etc. monga magwero mphamvu. Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa anthu, magwero amphamvuwa pang'onopang'ono amatha kuchoka pamaso pa anthu, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvuzi sikungowonjezera Kuchita bwino kumakhala kochepa, kumatulutsa kuipitsa, ndipo chitetezo sichingatsimikizidwe bwino. Pakutuluka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mphamvu m'zaka zaposachedwa, ma canteens ndi malo odyera ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera: Kutenthetsa kwamagetsi, mafuta amafuta, gasi ndi biomass. Matter amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero lalikulu lamphamvu.

Majenereta a nthunzi, omwe amatchedwanso ma boiler ang'onoang'ono, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zida zotenthetsera pophika chakudya m'ma canteens ndi malo odyera. Chifukwa voliyumu ya jenereta ya nthunzi ndi yochepera 30L, imayikidwa ngati boiler. Palibe chifukwa chofunsira ziphaso zovuta zogwiritsira ntchito boiler, zomwe zimapulumutsa ogula mavuto ambiri.

Majenereta amafuta ndi gasi akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ku canteen ndi malo odyera chifukwa cha mtengo wawo wotsika, zoletsa zochepa, nthawi yotulutsa nthunzi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta. Mfundo yake yayikulu yogwirira ntchito ndi: chowotcha chimatulutsa kutentha, komwe kumayamba kutengeka ndi khoma loziziritsidwa ndi madzi kudzera pakutengera kutentha kwa ma radiation. Madzi a pakhoma lotayidwa ndi madzi amawira ndi kuphweteka, kutulutsa nthunzi yambiri yomwe imalowa mu ng'oma ya nthunzi kuti ilekanitse madzi a nthunzi. Nthunzi yopatukana yodzaza imalowa m'malo otentha kwambiri ndipo imatenthedwa ndi ma radiation ndipo Njira yolumikizira imapitilira kuyamwa kutentha kwa gasi kuchokera pamwamba pa ng'anjo ndi chitoliro chopingasa ndi chitoliro cha mchira, ndikupanga nthunzi yotentha kwambiri kufika kutentha komwe kumafunikira.

Kutulutsa mpweya wamafuta kumakhala ndi izi:

1. Kupanga nthunzi mofulumira mkati mwa mphindi 2-3, kutentha kwa kutentha kumatha kufika kupitirira 95%, kupanikizika kumakhala kokhazikika, ndipo mtengo wogwira ntchito ndi wotsika.
2. Makina ogwiritsira ntchito mokwanira komanso ntchito yodzitchinjiriza yamadzi apamwamba komanso otsika, kupulumutsa anthu.
3. Phokoso laling'ono, utsi waung'ono ndi utsi wotulutsa fumbi, palibe utsi wakuda, wogwirizana kwathunthu ndi miyezo ya Class I yotulutsa chigawo, yokonda zachilengedwe komanso yodalirika.

4. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zakudya zambiri: nsomba za mphika wamwala, mpunga wotentha, Zakudyazi za mpunga, makeke, zinthu za soya, ndi zina zotero. Mphika umodzi umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zingapo.
5. Zing'onozing'ono ndi zolondola, maonekedwe okongola, mawonekedwe osakanikirana komanso osavuta kukhazikitsa.

Chifukwa chakuti majenereta a nthunzi ndi osiyana ndi ma boiler ochiritsira chifukwa safuna kuyang'anitsitsa pachaka, ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri angondifunsa posachedwapa za mfundo ya jenereta ndi momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito. Lero ndikusanthulani jenereta ya nthunzi. mfundo yogwirira ntchito.

Pankhani ya dongosolo la madzi ndi nthunzi wa jenereta ya nthunzi, madzi odyetsa amatenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwina mu chotenthetsera, amalowa mu economizer kudzera mu chitoliro cha madzi, amatenthedwanso ndikutumizidwa ku ng'oma, kusakaniza ndi madzi a mphika. Kenako imatsikira pansi kupita kumutu wolowera khoma lamadzi. Madzi a mu chubu la khoma loziziritsidwa ndi madzi amatenga kutentha kwakukulu kwa ng'anjo kuti apange chisakanizo cha madzi a nthunzi chomwe chimafika ku ng'oma kupyolera mu chubu chokwera. Madzi ndi nthunzi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chipangizo cholekanitsa madzi ndi nthunzi.

Nthunzi yowonongeka yolekanitsidwa imayenda kuchokera kumtunda wa ng'oma kupita ku chotenthetsera cha injini ya nthunzi, ikupitiriza kuyamwa kutentha ndikukhala nthunzi yotentha kwambiri pa 450 ° C, kenako imatumizidwa ku turbine ya nthunzi. Pankhani yamakina oyaka ndi mpweya wa flue, chowuzira chimatumiza mpweya mu chotenthetsera mpweya kuti utenthe kutentha kwina. Malasha ong'ambika, omwe amasiyidwa mu mphero ya malasha, amanyamulidwa ndi gawo la mpweya wotentha kuchokera mu chotenthetsera cha mpweya ndi kubayidwa mu ng'anjo kudzera mu chowotcha. Chisakanizo cha malasha ophwanyidwa ndi mpweya wotulutsidwa kuchokera mu chowotchacho chimasakanikirana ndikuwotcha ndi mpweya wotsala mu ng'anjo, kutulutsa kutentha kwakukulu. Mpweya wotentha wa flue ukayaka motsatizana umayenda mu ng'anjo, slag condensation chubu bundle, superheater, economizer ndi air preheater, kenako amadutsa mu chipangizo chochotsera fumbi kuchotsa phulusa la ntchentche, kenako amatumizidwa ku chimney ndi woyeserera wokokera. kutulutsidwa mumlengalenga.