Kaya chowotcha chamafuta (gasi) chokhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba chimakhalabe ndi ntchito yofananira yakuya kwambiri ikayikidwa pa boiler zimatengera makamaka ngati mawonekedwe amagetsi amitundu iwiriyi.Kufananiza kwabwino kokha komwe kungapereke kusewera kwathunthu pakugwira ntchito kwa chowotchera, kukwaniritsa kuyaka kosasunthika mung'anjo, kukwaniritsa kutulutsa kwamphamvu komwe kumayembekezeredwa, ndikupeza mphamvu yabwino yotenthetsera ya boiler.
1. Kufananiza makhalidwe amphamvu gasi
Chowotchera chimodzi chokha chimakhala ngati chowotchera moto, chomwe chimapopera chowotcha chamoto mung'anjo (chipinda choyaka), chimathandizira kuyaka bwino mung'anjo ndikutulutsa kutentha.Mphamvu yakuyaka kwa mankhwalawa imayesedwa ndi wopanga zowotcha.kuchitidwa mu chipinda chapadera choyaka moto.Chifukwa chake, zoyeserera zoyeserera nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosankha zowotcha ndi ma boilers.Izi zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule motere:
(1) Mphamvu;
(2) Kuthamanga kwa mpweya mu ng'anjo;
(3) Kukula kwa danga ndi mawonekedwe a geometric (m'mimba mwake ndi kutalika) kwa ng'anjo.
Zomwe zimatchedwa kufananiza kwamphamvu kwa gasi zimatanthawuza momwe zinthu zitatuzi zimakwaniritsidwira.
2.Mphamvu
Mphamvu ya chowotchera imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa (kg) kapena voliyumu (m3 / h, pansi pamikhalidwe yokhazikika) yamafuta yomwe imatha kuwotcha pa ola ikatenthedwa kwathunthu.Amaperekanso mphamvu yotentha yofananira (kw/h kapena kcal/h).).Boiler imayesedwa kuti ipange nthunzi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta.Awiriwo ayenera kufanana posankha.
3. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya mu ng'anjo
Mu boiler yamafuta (gasi), kutuluka kwa gasi wotentha kumayambira pachowotcha, kumadutsa mung'anjo, chotenthetsera kutentha, chotolera gasi ndi chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya ndikutulutsidwa mumlengalenga, ndikupanga njira yotenthetsera yamadzimadzi.Mutu wothamanga wa kumtunda kwa mpweya wotentha womwe umatuluka pambuyo pa kuyaka ukuyenda mumtsinje wa ng'anjo, monga madzi mumtsinje, ndi kusiyana kwa mutu (dontho, mutu wa madzi) ukuyenda pansi.Chifukwa makoma a ng'anjo, ngalande, zigongono, ma baffles, ma gorges ndi chimneys zonse zimakhala ndi kukana (kutchedwa flow resistance) pakuyenda kwa gasi, zomwe zingayambitse kupsinjika.Ngati mutu woponderezedwa sungathe kugonjetsa kutayika kwa mavuto panjira, kutuluka sikungakwaniritsidwe.Chifukwa chake, kuthamanga kwa mpweya wina wa chitoliro kuyenera kusungidwa mu ng'anjo, komwe kumatchedwa kukakamizidwa kwa kumbuyo kwa chowotcha.Kwa ma boilers opanda zida zokokera, mphamvu ya ng'anjo iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa mphamvu ya mumlengalenga mutaganizira za kutayika kwa mutu panjira.
Kukula kwa kukakamizidwa kumbuyo kumakhudza mwachindunji kutuluka kwa chowotcha.Kupanikizika kumbuyo kumagwirizana ndi kukula kwa ng'anjo, kutalika ndi geometry ya flue.Mabotolo okhala ndi kukana kwakukulu kothamanga amafunikira kuthamanga kwambiri.Kwa chowotcha chapadera, mutu wake wopanikizika uli ndi mtengo waukulu, womwe umagwirizana ndi damper yayikulu komanso mikhalidwe yayikulu yoyenda mpweya.Pamene mpweya wolowa umasintha, kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi kuthamanga kumasinthanso, ndipo kutuluka kwa chowotcha kumasinthanso.Mutu woponderezedwa ndi wawung'ono pamene mpweya wa mpweya uli wochepa, ndipo mutu woponderezedwa umakhala waukulu pamene mpweya wa mpweya uli waukulu.Kwa mphika wapadera, pamene mpweya umalowa uli waukulu, kukana kwa kutuluka kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimawonjezera kupanikizika kwa m'mbuyo kwa ng'anjo.Kuwonjezeka kwa kukakamiza kumbuyo kwa ng'anjo kumalepheretsa kutuluka kwa mpweya wa chowotcha.Chifukwa chake, muyenera kumvetsetsa posankha chowotcha.Mphamvu yake yokhotakhota imagwirizana bwino.
4. Chikoka cha kukula ndi geometry ya ng'anjo
Kwa ma boilers, kukula kwa ng'anjo ya ng'anjo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kusankha kwa kutentha kwa ng'anjo pakupanga, kutengera momwe kuchuluka kwa ng'anjo kumatha kutsimikiziridwa.
Pambuyo pa kutsimikizika kwa voliyumu ya ng'anjo, mawonekedwe ake ndi kukula kwake ziyeneranso kutsimikiziridwa.Mfundo yokonza ndikugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira voliyumu ya ng'anjo kuti mupewe ngodya zakufa momwe mungathere.Iyenera kukhala ndi kuya kwina kwake, njira yoyendetsera bwino, ndi nthawi yokwanira yosinthira kuti mafuta aziyaka bwino m'ng'anjo.M'mawu ena Mwa kuyankhula kwina, lolani malawi otulutsidwa kuchokera ku chowotcha akhale ndi nthawi yokwanira yopuma mu ng'anjo, chifukwa ngakhale tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamafuta ndi tating'onoting'ono (<0.1mm), chisakanizo cha gasi chayatsidwa ndikuyamba kuyaka chisanatulutsidwe. kuchokera muzowotcha, koma sizokwanira.Ngati ng'anjoyo ndi yosazama kwambiri ndipo nthawi yopuma sikwanira, kuyaka kosagwira ntchito kudzachitika.Pazifukwa zoipitsitsa, mpweya wa CO udzakhala wochepa, poipa kwambiri, utsi wakuda udzatulutsidwa, ndipo mphamvu sizidzakwaniritsa zofunikira.Choncho, pozindikira kuya kwa ng'anjo, kutalika kwa lawi lamoto kuyenera kufananizidwa momwe mungathere.Kwa mtundu wamoto wapakatikati, makulidwe ake akuyenera kukulitsidwa ndipo voliyumu yomwe mpweya wobwereranso uyenera kuwonjezeredwa.
Ma geometry a ng'anjo amakhudza kwambiri kukana kwa kayendedwe ka mpweya komanso kufanana kwa ma radiation.Boiler imayenera kudutsa mobwerezabwereza kuti igwirizane bwino ndi chowotcha.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-15-2023
