M'mafakitale monga makampani opanga mankhwala, mafakitale azakudya, zinthu zachilengedwe, chithandizo chamankhwala ndi thanzi, komanso kafukufuku wasayansi, zida zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zotsekereza nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuchotsa zinthu zokhudzana nazo.
Mwa njira zonse zomwe zilipo zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi njira yotsekera, nthunzi ndiyo njira yoyamba, yodalirika komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Ikhoza kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuphatikizapo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, bowa, protozoa, algae, mavairasi ndi kukana.Mabakiteriya spores amphamvu, kotero kutsekereza kwa nthunzi kumayamikiridwa kwambiri pakupha tizilombo ta mafakitale ndi kutsekereza.Kuchepetsa koyambirira kwamankhwala aku China pafupifupi nthawi zonse kumagwiritsa ntchito kutsekereza kwa nthunzi.
Kutseketsa kwa nthunzi kumagwiritsa ntchito nthunzi yopopera kapena njira zina zonyowa zoziziritsira kutentha kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.Ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuchotsa matenthedwe.
Chakudya, zinthu zomwe zimatenthedwa panthawi yotseketsa ziyenera kukhala ndi thanzi komanso kukoma kwa chakudyacho.Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa chinthu chimodzi chazakudya ndi zakumwa ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri poganizira za mpikisano wamabizinesi.Kwa mankhwala, pamene akukwaniritsa zodalirika zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kulera, ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa sakuwonongeka ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo, mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa mphamvu zawo.
Mankhwala, njira zamankhwala, magalasi, media media, zovala, nsalu, zida zachitsulo ndi zinthu zina zomwe sizingasinthe kapena kuonongeka zikakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kutentha kwachinyezi zimatha kutenthedwa ndi nthunzi.Makabati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poletsa kutsekereza ndi kutsekereza kabati ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri zotsekera nthunzi.Ngakhale mitundu yambiri yatsopano ya zida zoziziritsira kutentha zonyowa zapangidwa m'zaka zaposachedwa kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana, zonse zimatengera kutsekereza kwa nthunzi ndi kabati yotseketsa.opangidwa pamaziko a.
Nthunzi makamaka imayambitsa kufa kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono pomangirira mapuloteni awo.Mpweya uli ndi mphamvu zolowera.Choncho, nthunzi ikasungunuka, imatulutsa kutentha kwakukulu komwe kungathe kutentha zinthu mofulumira.Kutsekereza kwa nthunzi sikungodalirika, komanso kumatha kutsitsa kutentha ndikufupikitsa nthawi.Nthawi yochitapo kanthu.Kufanana, kulowa mkati, kudalirika, kugwira ntchito bwino ndi zina zotsekera nthunzi zakhala zofunika kwambiri pakulera.
Nthunzi apa ikutanthauza nthunzi youma yowuma.M'malo mwa nthunzi yotentha kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale opangira mafuta osiyanasiyana ndi mafuta a petrochemical komanso ma turbines opangira magetsi, nthunzi yotentha kwambiri siyenera kutsekereza njira.Ngakhale nthunzi yotentha kwambiri imakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso imakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri kuposa nthunzi yodzaza, izo Kutentha kwa gawo lotentha kwambiri kumakhala kochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kutentha kobisika kwa vaporization komwe kumatulutsidwa ndi condensation ya saturated steam.Ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti kutentha kwa nthunzi kukhale kotentha kwambiri mpaka kutentha kwambiri.Kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi yotentha kwambiri pakuwotchera kumachepetsa kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.
Zoonadi, nthunzi yonyowa yokhala ndi madzi opindika ndiyoipa kwambiri.Kumbali imodzi, chinyezi chomwe chili mu nthunzi yonyowa chokha chidzasungunula zonyansa zina m'mipope.Kumbali inayi, chinyontho chikafika ku ziwiya ndi mankhwala kuti achotsedwe, zimalepheretsa kutuluka kwa nthunzi kupita ku nyenyezi yotentha yamankhwala.Kudutsa, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa chiphaso.Nthunziyo ikakhala ndi nkhungu yabwino kwambiri, imapanga chotchinga kuti gasi isayende komanso imalepheretsa kutentha kulowa, komanso imawonjezera zovuta zowumitsa pambuyo potseketsa.
Kusiyana kwa kutentha pamalo aliwonse muchipinda chocheperako chotsekereza kabati ndi kutentha kwake ndi ≤1°C.M'pofunikanso kuchotsa "malo ozizira" ndi kupatuka pakati pa "malo ozizira" ndi kutentha kwapakati (≤2.5 ° C) momwe zingathere.Momwe mungachotsere bwino mpweya wosasunthika mu nthunzi, kuwonetsetsa kuti kutentha kumafanana mu kabati yotseketsa, ndikuchotsa "malo ozizira" momwe mungathere ndi mfundo zazikuluzikulu pakupanga kutseketsa kwa nthunzi.
Kutentha kotsekereza kwa nthunzi yodzaza kuyenera kukhala kosiyana malinga ndi kulolerana kwa kutentha kwa tizilombo.Chifukwa chake, kutentha kofunikira kolera ndi nthawi yochitapo kanthu ndizosiyananso molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu zosawilitsidwa, komanso kutentha kotseketsa ndi nthawi yochitaponso ndizosiyana.Kusankha kumatengera njira yotsekera, momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito, zopakira, komanso kutalika kwa njira yotseketsa.Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwa chotseketsa kumakwera, kumachepetsa nthawi yofunikira.Pali mgwirizano wokhazikika pakati pa kutentha kwa nthunzi yodzaza ndi mphamvu yake.Komabe, pamene mpweya mu kabati si kuchotsedwa kapena si kuthetsedwa kwathunthu, nthunzi sangathe kufika machulukitsidwe.Panthawiyi, ngakhale kupsyinjika The mita imasonyeza kuti kupanikizika kwa sterilization kwafika, koma kutentha kwa nthunzi sikunafikire zofunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kulephera kwa sterilization.Popeza kuthamanga kwa gwero la nthunzi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokulirapo kuposa kuthamanga kwa chotchinga, ndipo kutsika kwa nthunzi kumatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwa nthunzi, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-01-2024
