Inganda zikoreshwa mu nganda zikoreshwa cyane mu mashanyarazi, inganda z’imiti, inganda zoroheje n’izindi nganda, kandi zikoreshwa cyane mu buzima bw’ibigo n’ibigo. Iyo icyuka kidakoreshejwe, umwuka mwinshi uzinjira muri sisitemu y'amazi. Nubwo icyuka cyasohoye amazi, hejuru yicyuma hari firime yamazi, kandi ogisijeni izashonga muri yo, bikavamo kwiyuzuzamo, biganisha ku isuri ya Oxygene. Iyo hari umunyu hejuru yicyuma hejuru yicyuma, gishobora gushonga muri firime yamazi, iyi ruswa izaba ikomeye. Imyitozo yerekana ko kwangirika gukabije mubyuma ahanini biba mugihe cyo guhagarika kandi bikomeza gutera imbere mugihe cyo gukoresha. Kubwibyo, gufata ingamba zo gukingira neza mugihe cyo guhagarika bifite akamaro kanini kugirango wirinde kwangirika, gukora neza, no kongera igihe cyakazi cya boiler.
Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gukumira ibyuka byangirika, bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: uburyo bwumye nuburyo butose.
1. Uburyo bwumye
1. Uburyo bwa Desiccant
Ikoranabuhanga rya Desiccant risobanura ko nyuma yo guhagarika, iyo ubushyuhe bwamazi bugabanutse kugera kuri 100 ~ 120 ° C, amazi yose azasohoka, kandi ubushyuhe bwimyanda mu itanura bizakoreshwa mukumisha hejuru yicyuma; icyarimwe, igipimo cyaguye muri sisitemu yo gutekesha amazi kizakurwaho, icyapa cyamazi nibindi bisohoka. Desiccant noneho yatewe mumashanyarazi kugirango igumane ubuso bwayo kugirango wirinde kwangirika. Ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane birimo: CaCl2, CaO, na silika gel.
Gushyira desiccant: Gabanya imiti mumasahani menshi ya farashi hanyuma uyashyire kumashanyarazi atandukanye. Muri iki gihe, soda zose hamwe n’amazi agomba gufungwa kugirango hirindwe umwuka wo hanze.
Ibibi: Ubu buryo ni hygroscopique gusa. Igomba kugenzurwa nyuma yo kongeramo desiccant. Buri gihe witondere gutanga imiti. Niba deliquescence ibaye, iyisimbuze mugihe.
2. Uburyo bwo kumisha
Ubu buryo nugukuramo amazi mugihe ubushyuhe bwamazi yabotsa bugabanutse kugera kuri 100 ~ 120 ° C mugihe icyuka gifunze. Amazi amaze kurangira, koresha ubushyuhe busigaye mu itanura kugirango ushire cyangwa winjize umwuka ushyushye mu itanura kugirango wumishe imbere yimbere.
Ibibi: Ubu buryo bubereye gusa kurinda by'agateganyo ibyuka mugihe cyo kubungabunga.
3. Uburyo bwo kwishyuza hydrogen
Uburyo bwo kwishyuza azote ni ugushaka hydrogène muri sisitemu yo guteka no gukomeza umuvuduko mwiza wo kubuza umwuka kwinjira. Kubera ko hydrogène idakora cyane kandi idashobora kwangirika, irashobora gukumira ibyuka byangirika.
Uburyo ni:mbere yo kuzimya itanura, huza umuyoboro wuzuye wa azote. Iyo umuvuduko uri mu itanura ugabanutse kugera kuri 0.5, silinderi ya hydrogène itangira kohereza azote ingoma ya boiler hamwe nubukungu binyuze mumiyoboro yigihe gito. Ibisabwa: (1) Ubuziranenge bwa azote bugomba kuba hejuru ya 99%. (2) Iyo itanura ryuzuye ryuzuye azote; umuvuduko wa azote mu itanura ugomba kuba hejuru ya 0.5 ya gauge. . . Niba habonetse azote ikabije, imyanda igomba kuboneka igahita ikurwaho.
Ibibi:Ugomba kwitondera cyane ibibazo bya hydrogène yamenetse, kugenzura igihe buri munsi, no gukemura ibibazo mugihe gikwiye. Ubu buryo bubereye gusa kurinda amashyiga adakorera mugihe gito.
4. Uburyo bwo kuzuza Amoniya
Uburyo bwo kuzuza amoniya ni ukuzuza ingano yose ya gaz hamwe na gaze ya amoniya nyuma yo gufunga amazi akarekurwa. Amoniya ishonga muri firime y'amazi hejuru yicyuma, ikora firime irinda ruswa hejuru yicyuma. Amoniya irashobora kandi kugabanya ubukana bwa ogisijeni muri firime y'amazi kandi ikarinda kwangirika kwa ogisijeni yashonze.
Ibibi: Iyo ukoresheje uburyo bwo kuzuza amoniya, ibice byumuringa bigomba kuvanwaho kugirango ukomeze umuvuduko wa amoni muri boiler.
5. Uburyo bwo gutwikira
Amashanyarazi amaze gukora, kura amazi, gukuramo umwanda, no kumisha hejuru yicyuma. Noneho koresha neza iringaniza irwanya ruswa hejuru yicyuma kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwa serivisi. Irangi rirwanya ruswa muri rusange rikozwe mu ifu yumukara wumukara hamwe namavuta ya moteri muburyo runaka. Iyo gutwikira, birasabwa ko ibice byose bishobora kuvugana bigomba kuba bifatanye neza.
Ibibi: Ubu buryo ni bwiza kandi burakwiriye kubungabunga itanura ryigihe kirekire; icyakora, biragoye gukora mubikorwa kandi ntabwo byoroshye gusiga irangi ku mfuruka, gusudira, no kurukuta rw'imiyoboro ikunda kwangirika, bityo rero birakwiriye gukingirwa gusa.
2. Uburyo butose
1. Uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo bya alkaline:
Ubu buryo bukoresha uburyo bwo kongeramo alkali kugirango wuzuze amazi amazi afite pH ifite agaciro kari hejuru ya 10. Shiraho firime irinda ruswa irinda ruswa hejuru yicyuma kugirango wirinde ogisijeni yashonze kwangirika kwicyuma. Umuti wa alkali ukoreshwa ni NaOH, Na3PO4 cyangwa uruvange rwibiri.
Ibibi: Hagomba kwitonderwa kugirango habeho kwibanda kuri alkali imwe mubisubizo, kugenzura kenshi agaciro ka pH, no kwitondera ishyirwaho ryibipimo biva.
2. Uburyo bwo kurinda Sodium sulfite
Sodium sulfite nikintu kigabanya imbaraga zifata ogisijeni yashonze mumazi kugirango ikore sodium sulfate. Ibi birinda hejuru yicyuma kwangirika na ogisijeni yashonze. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo kurinda igisubizo kivanze cya trisodium fosifate na nitrite ya sodium na byo birashobora gukoreshwa. Ubu buryo bushingiye ku kuba aya mazi avanze ashobora gukora firime ikingira hejuru yicyuma kugirango birinde kwangirika kwicyuma.
Ibibi: Mugihe ukoresheje ubu buryo bwo gukingira amazi, igisubizo kigomba kuvanwa neza kandi kigasukurwa neza mbere yo gutangira itanura ryibiti, kandi amazi agomba kongera kongerwamo.
3. Uburyo bwo gushyushya
Ubu buryo bukoreshwa mugihe cyo guhagarika kiri muminsi 10. Uburyo nugushiraho ikigega cyamazi hejuru yingoma ya parike hanyuma ukayihuza ningoma ya parike hamwe numuyoboro. Amashanyarazi amaze guhagarikwa, yuzuyemo amazi ya dexygene, kandi ikigega kinini cyamazi cyuzuyemo amazi. Ikigega cy'amazi gishyuha n'amazi yo hanze, ku buryo amazi yo mu kigega cy'amazi ahora agumana uko abira.
Ibibi: Ingaruka zubu buryo nuko bisaba isoko yo hanze kugirango itange amavuta.
4. Uburyo bwo kurinda guhagarika (kugarura) gukoresha amine akora firime
Ubu buryo ni ukongeramo amine ya firime ikora amashyanyarazi muri sisitemu yubushyuhe mugihe umuvuduko wibyuka nubushyuhe bigabanutse mubihe bikwiye mugihe cyo guhagarika igice. Ibikoresho bizenguruka hamwe n'amazi n'amazi, kandi molekile ya agent irambikwa cyane hejuru yicyuma kandi ikurikirana. Indinganizo ikora urwego rukingira molekile ifite "ingaruka zo gukingira" kugirango hirindwe kwimuka kwamafaranga nibintu byangirika (ogisijeni, dioxyde de carbone, ubushuhe) hejuru yicyuma kugirango bigere ku ntego yo gukumira ruswa.
Ibibi: Ibyingenzi byingenzi bigize iyi agent ni alkane-isukuye cyane umurongo wa alkane hamwe na veritike ya firime ikora amine ishingiye kuri octadecylamine. Ugereranije nabandi bakozi, birahenze kandi biteye ikibazo kuyobora.
Uburyo bwo gufata neza hejuru biroroshye gukora mugukoresha burimunsi kandi bikoreshwa ninganda ninganda nyinshi. Ariko, mubikorwa nyirizina, guhitamo uburyo bwo kubungabunga nabyo biratandukanye cyane kubera impamvu n'ibihe bitandukanye byo kuzimya itanura. Mubikorwa nyabyo, guhitamo uburyo bwo kubungabunga muri rusange bikurikiza ingingo zikurikira:
1. Niba itanura rimaze amezi arenga atatu rifunze, uburyo bwa desiccant muburyo bwumye bugomba gukoreshwa.
2. Niba itanura rifunze amezi 1-3, uburyo bwo gukemura alkali cyangwa uburyo bwa sodium nitrite burashobora gukoreshwa.
3. Nyuma yo gutekesha guhagarika gukora, niba ishobora gutangira mumasaha 24, uburyo bwo gukomeza umuvuduko burashobora gukoreshwa. Ubu buryo burashobora kandi gukoreshwa kubiteke bikora rimwe na rimwe cyangwa bidafite akazi mugihe cyicyumweru. Ariko umuvuduko uri mu itanura ugomba kuba hejuru yumuvuduko wikirere. Niba igitutu kibonetse kigabanutseho gato, umuriro ugomba gutangira kongera umuvuduko mugihe.
4. Iyo icyuka gihagaritswe kubera kubungabunga, uburyo bwo kumisha burashobora gukoreshwa. Niba bidakenewe kurekura amazi, uburyo bwo kubungabunga igitutu burashobora gukoreshwa. Niba ibyuka nyuma yo kubungabunga bidashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa mugihe. Ingamba zijyanye no kurinda zigomba gufatwa hakurikijwe igihe cyinguzanyo.
5. Iyo ukoresheje uburinzi butose, nibyiza kugumana ubushyuhe mucyumba cyo gutekamo hejuru ya 10 ° C kandi ntikiri munsi ya 0 ° C kugirango wirinde kwangirika kw ibikoresho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-13-2023
