A:
Kugeza ubu, ubwoko bwa peteroli bukunze gukoreshwa ni boiiuire ya gaze hamwe namatanda ya gaze.
Itandukaniro nyamukuru riri hagati yintebe ya Steam, amazi ashyushye n'amatanura yamazi yubushyuhe ni uko boiam yamamaza bitanga amazi ashyushye, amazi ashyushye atanga ubushyuhe bwinshi. Batatu bafite uburyo butandukanye nibyiciro.
Boiam boiam bagaragaye mbere kandi buri gihe bakoreshwa nabantu. Bikoreshwa cyane kumisha no gushyushya inganda nyinshi nka peteroli, imiti, amavuta, imbaho, ibiryo, ibiti, ibiryo, ibimera, ibimera, reka bidasubirwaho. Ariko, kubera ibihe bitandukanye bidukikije kwisi hamwe nibisabwa cyane nibisabwa kumazi mumazi ya Steam, bifite aho bigarukira.
Nyuma yimyaka myinshi, abantu biga isano iri hagati yigitutu cyikirere ningingo zitetse zibinyamizi bitandukanye nkamazi n'amavuta yo hejuru, ukoresheje ubushyuhe bwamavuta yubushyuhe kugirango basimbure ibikatsi. Ugereranije na boiam boiam, intebe zamavuta yubushyuhe zirashobora kugera kubushyuhe bwo hejuru mugitutu cyo hasi kugirango umusaruro winganda ukeneye; Kubijyanye no gutwara ibintu byamazi, iyo ubushyuhe butarenze dogere 300, umutwara ubushyuhe afite igitutu cyo hasi cyuzuye igitutu kuruta amazi. Inshuro 70-80, kandi ntibyari byoroshye gukonja ahantu hakonje; Irashobora gusimbuza ibikatsi byo mu mazi ukoresheje amazi nk'ateguye gushyushya ahantu hafite amazi mabi, kandi afite igipimo cyo gukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Boiler:Ibikoresho byo gushyushya (gutwika) birekura ubushyuhe, bubanza bwakiriwe nukutangwamo amazi akoresheje imirasire yubushyuhe. Amazi yo mu rukuta rukonjesha amazi kandi yumwuka, abyara ibara rinini kandi yinjira mu ngoma y'ingoma yo gutandukana kw'amazi (usibye rimwe-binyuze mu itanura). Ihuriro ryuzuye rihumanye ryinjira muri Superheater ikomeje gukuramo ubushyuhe bwa gaze yimbuto kuva hejuru yitanura na itara ritambitse, kandi bigatuma ihunisi rikabije rigera kubushyuhe bukenewe.
Itanura ryamavuta yubushyuhe ni itanura ryamazi rikoresha amavuta yubushyuhe nkubutware kandi rifite ibiranga igitutu gito nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Intebe zometse zikoresha amazi nkigikoresho cyo kubyara steam. Ugereranije n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru no mu gitutu gito cy'itanura ry'amavuta y'amashanyarazi, bigomba kugera ku gitutu kinini.
Boiler ishyushyenigikoresho gitanga gusa amazi ashyushye kandi ntibisaba kugenzura.
Intebe zo mu nyanja zirashobora kugabanywa mubyitsa amashanyarazi, amavuta yamavuta, amavuta yirukanwe na gaze yiruka, nibindi. Ukurikije lisansi; Dukurikije imiterere, barashobora kugabanywamo boam zihagaritse hamwe na boam itambitse. Intebe ntoya ni ingaragu ingana cyangwa inshuro ebyiri zisubira inyuma. Intebe nyinshi zometse zifite inyubako eshatu zambitse.
Itanura rya peteroli
Amavuta yo kohereza ubushyuhe, azwi kandi nkabatwara amabuye y'agaciro cyangwa amavuta yo hagati yubushyuhe, yakoreshejwe nkumwanya wo kwimura ubushyuhe bwo hagati mubushyuhe bwinganda kumyaka irenga mirongo itanu. Itanura ryamavuta ryumushuro ni uw'itanura rya kamere. Itanura rya kama riringaniye nubwoko bwibicuruzwa byatejwe imbere nabatekinisiye b'ikigo bacu hashingiwe ku gukuramo ikoranabuhanga ry'itanura ry'imbere mu gihugu ndetse n'amahanga. Ikoresha amakara nkubushyuhe hamwe namavuta yumuriro nkubushyuhe. Ihatirwa na pompe ishyushye. Kuzenguruka, ibikoresho byo hejuru no kuzigama ingufu bitanga ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya ibikoresho.
Ugereranije no gushyushya hamwe, gukoresha amavuta yubushyuhe kugirango akore ibyiza bifite ubushyuhe bumwe, imikorere, umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije, kuzigama ingufu, igitutu kinini. Byakoreshejwe cyane nkuburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe mumisaruro igezweho. gusaba.
Muri rusange, mubice bimwe bike, gusimbuza ibyuya byamavuta yamashanyarazi bifite akamaro kanini. Ukurikije isoko rindi rikenewe, ibikatsi byo mubyimba hamwe nibiribwa byamavuta yubushyuhe bifite umwanya wabo.
Boiam boiam, amazi ashyushye y'amazi n'itanura ry'amavuta ya nyakatsi birashobora kugabanwa ukurikije ubwoko bwa lisansi: nko mubyino byamazi ya gaze, kandi amazi meza y'amazi, aomass, ashyuha amashanyarazi.
Igihe cya nyuma: Ukwakira-11-2023
