NOBETH 0.2TY / Q Amavuta / Imashini itanga ingufu zikoreshwa mu nganda zikora imiti

Twese tuzi ko inganda zimiti nijambo rusange ryinganda ninganda zikora umusaruro niterambere ryinganda zimiti. Inganda zikora imiti zinjira mubice byose. Inzira yo kweza, gusiga irangi no kurangiza, gushyushya reaktor, nibindi byose bisaba amashanyarazi. Amashanyarazi akoreshwa cyane mugushigikira umusaruro wimiti. Ibikurikira nintangiriro yimpamvu zitanga amashanyarazi akoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwimiti.

Inzira yo kwezwa
Igikorwa cyo kweza ni tekinoroji isanzwe mu nganda zikora imiti, none kuki ikeneye gukoresha moteri ikora? Biragaragara ko kwezwa ari ugutandukanya umwanda muruvange kugirango urusheho kwera. Igikorwa cyo kweza kigabanijwemo kuyungurura, korohereza, gutobora, gukuramo, chromatografiya, nibindi. Muburyo bwo gusibanganya no kwezwa, ingingo zitandukanye zitetse zibigize mvange zamazi zivanze zikoreshwa mugushushya imvange yamazi kugirango ikintu runaka gihinduke amavuta hanyuma gihuze mumazi, bityo bigere kumigambi yo gutandukana no kwezwa. Kubwibyo, inzira yo kweza ntishobora gutandukanywa na moteri ikora.

Irangi no kurangiza inzira
Inganda zikora imiti nazo zifite amarangi no kurangiza. Irangi no kurangiza ni imiti ivura ibikoresho byimyenda nka fibre nudodo. Inkomoko yubushyuhe isabwa mukwitegura, gusiga irangi, gucapa no kurangiza bitangwa ahanini na parike. Kugirango ugabanye imyanda yubushyuhe bwamazi, amavuta yakozwe na generator yamashanyarazi arashobora gukoreshwa mugushyushya mugihe cyo gusiga irangi no kurangiza.
Imashini itanga amarangi yo gusiga no kurangiza nayo ni inzira yo gutunganya imiti. Ibikoresho bya fibre bigomba gukaraba no gukama inshuro nyinshi nyuma yo kuvura imiti, itwara ingufu nyinshi zumuriro wamazi kandi ikabyara ibintu byangiza bihumanya ikirere namazi. Niba ushaka kunoza imikoreshereze y’amazi no kugabanya umwanda mugihe cyo gusiga irangi no kurangiza, ugomba kugura amasoko yubushyuhe muburyo bwa parike. Ariko, havutse ikibazo. Ibi bikoresho ntibishobora gukoresha mu buryo butaziguye amavuta yumuvuduko mwinshi winjiye mu ruganda. Umwuka waguzwe ku giciro cyo hejuru ugomba gukonjeshwa kugirango ukoreshwe, biganisha ku mavuta adahagije muri mashini. Ibi byaviriyemo amakimbirane aho ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi bidashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye kandi ibyuka byinjira mu bikoresho ntibihagije, bikaviramo guta umwuka. Ariko, niba imashini itanga ibyuka ikoreshwa mukubyara amavuta, umugenzuzi wumuvuduko arashobora guhindura umuvuduko wamazi ukurikije uko umusaruro wifashe. Muri icyo gihe, imashini itanga ibyuka ikora mu buryo bwikora ukanze rimwe, bigabanya amafaranga yumurimo.

Gushyigikira reaction
Nkibikoresho bisanzwe mubikorwa byinganda zubu, reaction zikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya ibiribwa, gukora imiti, gutunganya amarangi, inganda za peteroli, inganda za rubber, gukora imiti yica udukoko nizindi nganda. Imashini ikoreshwa muburyo bwihariye bwo gukora kugirango irangize inzira nka volcanisation, hydrogenation, verticalisation, polymerisation, hamwe no guhuza ibikoresho bibisi. Imashini isaba igikoresho gikurura inzira zimpinduka zumubiri nko gushyushya, gukonjesha, gukuramo amazi, no kwinjiza gaze kugirango bigerweho neza.

Byongeye kandi, niba reakteri yashyutswe cyangwa ikonje mugihe cyo kuyikoresha, igomba gukorwa muburyo butandukanye bwubushyuhe. Mubisanzwe, ubushyuhe bwo gukoresha amavuta bugomba kuba munsi ya 180 ° C, itandukaniro ryubushyuhe ubushyuhe bwumuriro bugomba kuba munsi ya 120 ° C, naho ubukonje bukonje bugomba kuba munsi ya 90 ° C. Ibi biradusaba gukoresha inyenyeri zishyushye zihamye mugihe cyo gushyushya reaction. Mu bihe byashize, amakara y’amazi ashyushye, akoreshwa na gaze, hamwe n’amavuta ashyushye yakoreshwaga nkisoko yubushyuhe bwa reaction. Ariko, hamwe nogutezimbere buhoro buhoro igihugu cyacu cyo kurengera ibidukikije kugirango hirindwe impanuka zibyara umusaruro, nibyiza gukoresha moteri itanga ingufu kugirango ushushe reaction. Amashanyarazi ashyushya amashanyarazi arasabwa gushyushya reaction. Ugereranije n’amashanyarazi ya peteroli na gaze, yangiza ibidukikije, azigama ingufu, ubukungu, ahendutse, kandi ahamye.

Inganda zikora imiti nijambo rusange ryinganda nimiryango ikora mubikorwa niterambere ryinganda zimiti. Inganda zikora imiti zinjira mubice byose kandi nigice cyingenzi kandi cyingenzi mubukungu bwigihugu. Iterambere ryayo ni ugukurikiza inzira yiterambere rirambye, rifite akamaro gakomeye mubikorwa byubukungu niterambere ryimibereho.