Sei mupfu unopisa uchifanira kudzikiswa kuita mupfunga wakazara?

01. Chipfunga chakazara
Kana mvura ichidziya kusvika pakuvira pasi peimwe dzvinyiriro, mvura inotanga kupfava uye zvishoma nezvishoma inoshanduka kuita chiutsi. Panguva ino, tembiricha yehutsi ndiyo tembiricha yekuzara, inonzi "saturated steam". Iyo yakakodzera saturated steam state inoreva hukama hweumwe-kune-umwe pakati petembiricha, kudzvanywa uye kusimba kwechitsinga.

02.Kupisa kukuru
Kana iyo saturated steam ikaramba ichipisa uye tembiricha yayo ichikwira uye ichipfuura tembiricha yekuzara pasi pekumanikidza uku, mupfu unova "superheated steam" neimwe dhigirii yekupisa. Panguva ino, kudzvanywa, tembiricha, uye density hazvina tsamba imwe-kune-imwe. Kana kuyerwa kuchiri kunobva pamhepo yakanyungudika, kukanganisa kuchave kwakakura.

Mukugadzirwa chaiko, vashandisi vazhinji vanozosarudza kushandisa magetsi emagetsi ekudziya kwepakati. Iyo superheated steam inogadzirwa nemagetsi chirimwa ndeyepamusoro-tembiricha uye yakakwirira-kudzvanywa. Inoda kupfuura nepakati pekupisa uye kudzoreredza chiteshi chiteshi kushandura iyo yakanyanya kupisa mutsinga inozadza isati yaendesa kune Kune vashandisi, superheated steam inogona chete kuburitsa iyo inonyanya kukosha yakadzikama kupisa kana yatonhodzwa kusvika pakazara.

Mushure mokunge mhepo inopisa inopisa inotakurwa pamusoro pechinhambwe chakareba, sezvo mamiriro ekushanda (akadai sekushisa uye kumanikidzwa) anoshanduka, kana dhigirii rekushisa kwakanyanya kusina kukwirira, kutonhora kunoderera nekuda kwekupisa kwekupisa, zvichiita kuti ipinde munzvimbo yakazadza kana yakasvibiswa kubva. mamiriro ekupisa zvakanyanya, uye wozoshandura. inova saturated steam.

Sei mupfu unopisa uchifanira kudzikiswa kuita mupfunga wakazara?
1.Superheated steam inofanira kutonhodzwa kusvika kune tembiricha yekuzara isati yaburitsa evaporation enthalpy. Kupisa kunoburitswa kubva mukutonhodza kwakanyanyisa kusvika kune tembiricha yesaturation kudiki kwazvo kana zvichienzaniswa ne evaporation enthalpy. Kana kupisa kwakanyanya kwemhepo kuduku, chikamu ichi chekupisa chiri nyore kusunungura, asi kana kupisa kwakanyanya kukuru, nguva yekutonhora inenge yakareba, uye chikamu chiduku chete chekupisa chinogona kusunungurwa panguva iyoyo. Kuenzaniswa ne evaporation enthalpy ye saturated steam, kupisa kunoburitswa nemhepo inopisa kana yatonhodzwa kusvika pakupisa tembiricha idiki kwazvo, zvinozoderedza kushanda kwemidziyo yekugadzira.

2.Yakasiyana nemhepo yakazara, tembiricha yemhepo inopisa haina chokwadi. Superheated steam inofanirwa kutonhodzwa isati yaburitsa kupisa, nepo saturated steam inongoburitsa kupisa kuburikidza nechikamu shanduko. Kana kupisa kunopisa kunoburitsa kupisa, tembiricha inogadzirwa mumidziyo yekutsinhanisa kupisa. gradient. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mukugadzirwa ndiko kugadzikana kwekushisa kwemhepo. Kugadzikana kweSteam kunokonzeresa kudziyisa kutonga, nekuti kupisa kwekushisa kunonyanya kuenderana nekusiyana kwekushisa pakati peutsi uye tembiricha, uye tembiricha yemhepo inopisa yakanyanya kuoma kudzikamisa, iyo isingakodzeri kudziyisa kutonga.

3.Kunyangwe tembiricha yemhepo inopisa zvakanyanya pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakafanana inogara yakakwira kupfuura iyo yemhepo yakazadza, simba rayo rekutamisa kupisa rakadzikira zvakanyanya kupfuura iro remvura yakazara. Nokudaro, kushanda kwemhepo inopisa zvikuru yakaderera zvikuru kupfuura iyo yemvura yakasvibiswa panguva yekupisa kupisa pamhepo yakafanana.

Naizvozvo, panguva yekushanda kwemidziyo, zvakanakira kushandura superheated steam kuita saturated steam kuburikidza ne desuperheater inodarika zvipingamupinyi. Zvakanakira zvayo zvinogona kupfupikiswa sezvizvi:

Iyo yekutamisa kupisa coefficient ye saturated steam yakakwira. Munguva yekugadzirisa, kupisa kwekushisa kunopisa kwakakwirira kudarika kupisa kwekushisa kwemhepo inopisa inopisa kuburikidza ne "superheating-heat transfer-cooling-saturation-condensation".

Nekuda kwekudzikira kwayo tembiricha, saturated steam inewo akawanda mabhenefiti ekushanda kwemidziyo. Inogona kuchengetedza steam uye inobatsira zvikuru kuderedza kushandiswa kwemhepo. Kazhinji, saturated steam inoshandiswa kupisa kupisa kwemhepo mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari.