I-boilers yemveliso idla ngokusetyenziswa kumandla ombane, ishishini leekhemikhali, ishishini lokukhanya kunye namanye amashishini, kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kubomi bamashishini kunye namaziko. Xa i-Boiler iphumile ekusebenziseni, inani elikhulu lomoya liya kuhamba kwinkqubo yamanzi e-Boiler. Nangona i-Boiler ikhuphe amanzi, kukho ifilimu yamanzi kumphezulu wayo wensimbi, kwaye ioksijini iya kuchithwa kuyo, ikhokelela ekuxelweni, okukhokelela kwi-ossosion yeoksijini. Xa kukho umlimo wetyuwa kumphezulu wentsimbi womlilo, onokutshitshiswa kwifilimu yamanzi, le nto iya kuba nzulu ngakumbi. Ukuziqhelanisa kubonisa ukuba ukuvela okubi kwi-Boilers kususela ikakhulu ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvala kwaye kuyaqhubeka nokuphuhlisa ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Ke ngoko, ukuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo okhuselo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvalela kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela ukoyisa i-Boiler, qinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo, kwaye wandise ubomi benkonzo.
Zininzi iindlela zokuthintela i-boiledown isokola, enokwahlulwa zangamacandelo amabini: indlela eyomileyo kunye nendlela emanzi.
1. Indlela eyomileyo
I-1. Indlela yokucinga
Itekhnoloji yokutyhileka ithetha ukuba emva kokuba i-Boiler imisiwe, xa amaqondo obushushu amanzi ehla ukuya kwi-100 ~ 120 ° 4 ° 4 ° 4 ° 4, onke amanzi aya kutyunjwa, kwaye ubushushu besibane buya kusetyenziselwa ukomisa umhlaba wesinyithi; Kwangelo xesha, isikali sandulela kwinkqubo yamanzi ye-Boiler siya kususwa, i-slag yamanzi kunye nezinye izinto zikhutshiwe. Incinibal ke imelwe kwi-boiler ukugcina umphezulu wayo womile ukuze uphephe ukuvela. Iivesi eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenzisiweyo zibandakanya: Cacl2, Cao, kunye ne-Silica Gel.
UKUFAKWA KWESIQINISEKISO SOKUGQIBELA Ngeli xesha, zonke i-soda kunye neevalve zamanzi kufuneka zivaliwe ukuthintela ukwenziwa komoya ngaphandle.
Izinto ezingalunganga: Le ndlela i-hygroscopic kuphela. Imele ihlolwe emva kongeza inkanuko. Hlala ufumana ingqalelo ekuthandeni kwamayeza. Ukuba i-deiquescence yenzeka, yibeke endaweni yexesha.
2. Indlela yokomisa
Le ndlela kukuphelisa amanzi xa amaqondo obushushu ase-Boiler awela kwi-100 ~ 120 ° C xa umphathi uvaliwe. Xa amanzi ediniwe, sebenzisa ubushushu obugqithisileyo kwiziko lokushisa okanye bazise umoya oshushu ungene kwiziko ukomisa umphezulu we-boiler.
Izinto ezingalunganga: Le ndlela ilungele ukhuseleko lwexeshana lwezololiwe ngexesha lolondolozo.
I-3. Indlela ye-hydrogen
Indlela yokuhlawula i-nitrogen kukubiza i-hydrogen kwinkqubo yamanzi ye-Boiler kwaye ugcine uxinzelelo oluthile lokuthintela umoya ukuba ungangeni. Kuba i-hydrogen ayisebenzi kakhulu kwaye ingasebenzi, inokukhusela i-boiledown shutdown ilusu.
Indlela yile:Phambi kokuvala iziko, qhagamshela i-nitrogen izalisa ipipi. Xa uxinzelelo kwiziko lwemicesi liye kwi-0.5 Guqula, i-hydrogen cylinder iqala ukuthumela i-nitrogen kwiDrum ye-Boiler kunye neqonga ngemibhobho yethutyana. Iimfuneko: (1) Ukucoceka kwe-nitrogen kufuneka kungaphezulu kwe-99%. (2) xa isitovu esingenanto sizaliswe yi-nitrogen; Ingcinezelo ye-nitrogen kwiziko kufuneka ingaphezulu kwe-0.5 yoxinzelelo lwe-gagege. . . Ukuba i-nitrojel ye-nitrojen egqithisileyo ifunyenwe, ukuvuza kufuneka kufunyanwe kwaye kupheliswe kwangoko.
Izinto ezingalunganga:Kuya kufuneka uhlawule ingqalelo engqongqo kwiingxaki zokuvuza i-hydrogen, jonga ixesha yonke imihla, kwaye ujamelane neengxaki ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Le ndlela ilungele kuphela ukukhuselwa kweenqanawa ezingaphandle kwenkonzo yexesha elifutshane.
I-4. Indlela yokugcwalisa i-ammonia
Indlela yokugcwalisa i-ammonia kukugcwalisa ivolumu yonke ye-boiler ngegesi ye-ammonia emva kokuba i-boiler ivaliwe kwaye amanzi akhutshwe. I-Ammonia inyibilikisi kwifilimu yamanzi kumphezulu wensimbi, yenza ifilimu yokukhusela enganyangekiyo kumphezulu wensimbi. I-Ammonia inokunciphisa ukunyibilisela ioksijini kwifilimu yamanzi kunye nokukhusela i-ioksijini yeoksijini.
Izinto ezingalunganga: Xa usebenzisa indlela yokugcwalisa i-ammonia, iinxalenye zobhedu kufuneka zisuswe ukugcina uxinzelelo lwe-amonia kwi-boiler.
I-5. Indlela yokudibana
Emva kokuba i-Boiler iphume enkonzweni, ikhupha amanzi, susa ubumdaka, kwaye wome umhlaba wesinyithi. Emva koko sebenzisa ungqameko lwepeyinti ye-anti-corrosion kumphezulu wensimbi ukuthintela ukosulelwa kwenkonzo ye-boiler. Ipeyinti ye-Anti-Corrosion yenziwa ngokubanzi ye-powder emnyama kunye neoyile yenjini kwinxalenye ethile. Xa ukhathazeka, kuyafuneka ukuba onke amalungu anokuqhagamshelwa aqhagamshelwe kufuneka ahlanganeliswe ngokulinganayo.
Izinto ezingalunganga: Le ndlela isebenza kwaye ilungele ukulungiswa kwesiqithi sexesha elide; Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukusebenza ekusebenzeni kwaye akukho lula ukupeyinta kwiikona, i-welds, kunye neendonga zombhobho ezithambekele ekususweni, ngoko ke kufanelekile ukukhuselwa kwethiyori.
2. Indlela emanzi
1. Indlela yeSisombululo se-Alkaline:
Le ndlela isebenzisa indlela yokongeza i-alkali ukugcwalisa i-Boiler ngamanzi ngexabiso le-PH elingathi ngu-10. Yenza ifilimu ekhuselweyo ye-PH yokungathinteli ioksijini yentsimbi. Isisombululo se-alkali esisetyenziselwa i-naoh, i-na3po4 okanye umxube wezibini.
Izinto ezingalunganga: Inkathalo kufuneka ithathwe ukugcina ugxininiso lwe-alkali ngesisombululo kwisisombululo, ukubeka iliso kwixabiso le-Boiler PH, kwaye unikele ingqalelo ekumiselweni komgangatho othathiweyo.
I-2. I-Sodium Sulfite Indlela yokhuseleko
I-sodium sulfite yiarhente yokunciphisa i-acking ene-oxegen echithwe emanzini ukuze isebenze isodium sulfate. Oku kuthintela umhlaba wensimbi ukuba ungachithwa yioksijini. Ukongeza, indlela yokhuseleko yesisombululo esixubileyo se-trisodium phosphate kunye ne-sodium witrite nazo zinokusetyenziswa. Le ndlela isekwe kwinto yokuba olu luhlu ludityanisiweyo lunokwenza ifilimu yokukhusela kumphezulu wensimbi ukuthintela ukususwa kwentsimbi.
Izinto ezingalunganga: Xa usebenzisa le ndlela yokhuseleko emanzi, isisombululo kufuneka sicoceke kakuhle kwaye sicocwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuqala iziko, kwaye amanzi kufuneka kongezelwe kwakhona.
I-3. Indlela yokuphuma
Le ndlela isetyenziswa xa ixesha elivaliweyo lingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-10. Indlela kukufaka itanki lamanzi ngaphezulu kwedrum ye-Steam kwaye iyithelekise kwidrum ye-Steam ngombhobho. Emva kokuba i-boiler ichithwe, igcwaliswa ngamanzi e-Deoxygenige, kwaye uninzi lwetanki lamanzi lizaliswe ngamanzi. Itanki lamanzi liyashushuswa ngumphunga wangaphandle, ukuze amanzi asemanzini ahlala egcina ilizwe elibilayo.
Ukungancedi: Ukungancediki kule ndlela kukuba kufuna umthombo we-Steam wangaphandle ukubonelela nge-Steam.
I-4. Indlela yokukhusela ukumiswa (i-Backup) yokusetyenziswa kwee-amines zokwenza ifimbane
Le ndlela yongeza i-agents yefilimu yefilimu kwifilimu kwi-Thermal inkqubo xa uxinzelelo lwe-boiler kunye neqondo lokuhla kweqondo lithole kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo ngexesha lokuvalwa kweyunithi. Iiarhente zijikeleza i-steam kunye namanzi, kwaye iimolekyuli zearhente ziqinisekiswe ngokuqinileyo kumphezulu wensimbi kwaye ijolise ekulandeleni. Ilungiselelo lenza umaleko wokukhusela i-molecular ngefuthe elikhuselweyo "ukuthintela ukufuduka kwezityholo kunye nezinto ezinobungozi (ioksijini, i-carbon ye-riogide, umswakama) kumgangatho wokuthintela ukuvela kwentsimbi.
Izinto ezingalunganga: Elona candelo liphambili kule arhente liPhility I-Alkanes ye-Alkanes yeFowuni kunye neFizity ezithe nkqo ifimbane ngokusekwe kwi-octadecylamine. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iiarhente, kuyabiza kakhulu kwaye kuyingxaki yokuphatha.
Iindlela zokulungisa ezingentla zilula ukusebenza kakuhle ekusetyenzisweni kwemihla ngemihla kwaye zisetyenziswa ziifektri ezininzi kunye namashishini. Nangona kunjalo, kwiNkqubo yokuSebenza, ukhetho lweendlela zesondlo lwahluke kakhulu ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo namaxesha okuvala iziko. Ngokwenene, ukukhetha iindlela zolondolozo ngokubanzi:
1. Ukuba iziko livaliwe ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintathu, indlela ecinyiweyo kwindawo eyomileyo kufuneka isetyenziswe.
2. Ukuba iziko livaliwe iinyanga ezi-1-3, indlela ye-alkali yesisombululo okanye indlela ye-sodium witrit inokusetyenziswa.
3. Emva kokuba i-boiler iyema ukubaleka, ukuba inokuqaliswa kwiiyure ezingama-24, indlela yokugcina uxinzelelo inokusetyenziswa. Le ndlela inokusetyenziselwa i-boilers esebenza ngethutyana okanye ingaphandle kwenkonzo ngaphakathi kweveki. Kodwa uxinzelelo kwiziko kufuneka lube phezulu kunexinzelelo lomoya. Ukuba uxinzelelo lufunyenwe ukuba luphethwe kancinci, umlilo kufuneka uqalise ukonyusa uxinzelelo ngexesha.
4. Xa i-Boiler imisiwe ngenxa yesondlo, indlela yokomisa inokusetyenziswa. Ukuba akukho mfuneko yokukhupha amanzi, indlela yokugcina uxinzelelo inokusetyenziswa. Ukuba i-boiler emva kokugcinwa kwayo ayinakusebenza ngexesha. Amanyathelo okhuselo ahambelanayo kufuneka amkelwe ngokobude bexesha letyala.
5. Xa usebenzisa ukhuseleko omanzi, kungcono ukugcina ubushushu kwigumbi le-Boiler ngaphezulu kwe-10 ° C kwaye ungaphantsi kwe-0 ° C ukuphepha ukonakala kwezixhobo.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UNV-13-2023
