Iibhoyili zoshishino zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kumandla ombane, ishishini lemichiza, ishishini lokukhanya kunye namanye amashishini, kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kubomi bamashishini kunye namaziko.Xa ibhoyila ingasetyenziswa, umoya omkhulu uya kuqukuqela kwisixokelelwano samanzi sebhoyila.Nangona ibhoyili ikhuphe amanzi, kukho ifilimu yamanzi kwindawo yayo yesinyithi, kwaye i-oksijini iya kuchithwa kuyo, okubangelwa ukugcwala, okukhokelela ekukhukulisekeni kwe-Oxygen.Xa kukho isikali setyuwa kwindawo yensimbi yebhoyili, enokuthi inyibilike kwifilimu yamanzi, le nkunkuma iya kuba yinto enzima kakhulu.Ukuziqhelanisa kubonisa ukuba i-corrosion enzima kwi-boilers ininzi yenziwa ngexesha lokuvalwa kwenkqubo kwaye iyaqhubeka nokuphuhlisa ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.Ngoko ke, ukuthatha amanyathelo achanekileyo okukhusela ngexesha lokuvalwa kwenkqubo kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela ukubola kwebhoyili, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo, kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yebhoyili.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuthintela ukubola kokuvalwa kwebhoyila, ezinokuthi zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini: indlela eyomileyo kunye nendlela emanzi.
1. Indlela eyomileyo
1. Indlela yeDesiccant
I-teknoloji ye-Desiccant ithetha ukuba emva kokuba ibhoyili imisiwe, xa ukushisa kwamanzi kwehla ukuya kwi-100 ~ 120 ° C, onke amanzi aya kukhutshwa, kwaye ukushisa kwenkunkuma kwisithando somlilo kuya kusetyenziselwa ukomisa isinyithi;ngelo xesha, isikali esincitshisiweyo kwinkqubo yamanzi kwibhoyili iya kususwa , i-slag yamanzi kunye nezinye izinto zikhutshwa.I-Desiccant iye ifakwe kwibhoyila ukuze igcine umphezulu wayo womile ukuphepha ukubola.Ngokuqhelekileyo i-desiccants esetyenziswayo iquka: i-CaCl2, i-CaO, kunye ne-silica gel.
Ukubekwa kwe-desiccant: Yahlula iyeza kwiiplate ezininzi ze-porcelain kwaye uzibeke kwiibhoyili ezahlukeneyo.Ngeli xesha, zonke iivalve zesoda kunye namanzi kufuneka zivaliwe ukuthintela ukungena komoya wangaphandle.
Ukungalungi: Le ndlela i-hygroscopic kuphela.Kufuneka ihlolwe emva kokongeza i-desiccant.Soloko unikel’ ingqalelo kubugxwayiba bamayeza.Ukuba i-deliquescence iyenzeka, yitshintshe ngexesha.
2. Indlela yokomisa
Le ndlela kukukhupha amanzi xa ubushushu bamanzi kwibhoyila buhla ukuya kwi-100 ~ 120 ° C xa ibhoyila ivaliwe.Xa amanzi ephelile, sebenzisa ukushisa okushiyekileyo kwisithando somlilo ukuze udibanise okanye ungenise umoya oshushu kwisithando somlilo ukuze umise umgangatho wangaphakathi webhoyila.
Ukungalungi: Le ndlela ifanelekile kuphela ukukhuselwa kwexeshana kwiibhoyili ngexesha lokugcinwa.
3. Indlela yokutshaja ngeHydrojeni
Indlela yokutshaja initrogen kukuhlawulisa i-hydrogen kwibhoyila inkqubo yamanzi kunye nokugcina uxinzelelo olulungileyo lokuthintela ukungena komoya.Kuba i-hydrogen ingasebenzi kakhulu kwaye ayinamhlwa, inokuthintela ukubola kwebhoyila.
Indlela yile:ngaphambi kokuvala isithando somlilo, qhagamshela umbhobho wokuzalisa initrogen.Xa uxinzelelo kwisithando somlilo sehla ukuya kwi-0.5 gauge, i-cylinder ye-hydrogen iqala ukuthumela i-nitrogen kwi-boiler drum kunye ne-economizer ngokusebenzisa imibhobho yesikhashana.Iimfuno: (1) Ucoceko lwenitrogen kufuneka lube ngaphezu kwama-99%.(2) Xa iziko elingenanto lizaliswe yinitrogen;uxinzelelo lwe-nitrogen kwiziko kufuneka lube ngaphezulu kwe-0.5 yoxinzelelo lwe-gauge.(3) Xa kuzaliswa initrogen, zonke izivalo ezikwindlela yamanzi embizeni kufuneka zivalwe kwaye ziqine ukuthintela ukuvuza.(4) Ngethuba lexesha lokukhusela ukutshaja kwe-nitrogen, uxinzelelo lwe-hydrogen kwinkqubo yamanzi kunye nokuqina kwebhoyila kufuneka kubekwe esweni rhoqo.Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen eninzi kufunyenwe, ukuvuza kufuneka kufunyenwe kwaye kupheliswe ngokukhawuleza.
Izinto ezingeloncedo:Kuya kufuneka unikele ingqalelo engqongqo kwiingxaki zokuvuza kwe-hydrogen, jonga ixesha yonke imihla, kwaye ujongane neengxaki ngexesha elifanelekileyo.Le ndlela ifanelekile kuphela ekukhuselweni kweebhoyili ezingaphandle kwenkonzo ixesha elifutshane.
4. Indlela yokuzaliswa kwe-ammonia
Indlela yokuzaliswa kwe-ammonia kukugcwalisa umthamo wonke webhoyili ngegesi ye-ammonia emva kokuba ibhoyili ivaliwe kwaye amanzi akhululwe.I-Ammonia inyibilika kwifilimu yamanzi kwindawo yesinyithi, yenza ifilimu ekhuselayo ekhuselekileyo kwi-corrosion kwi-metal surface.I-ammonia inokunciphisa ukunyibilika kweoksijini kwifilimu yamanzi kunye nokuthintela ukubola ngeoksijini enyibilikileyo.
Ukungalungi: Xa usebenzisa indlela yokuzaliswa kwe-ammonia, iindawo zobhedu kufuneka zisuswe ukuze kugcinwe uxinzelelo lwe-ammonia kwibhoyili.
5. Indlela yokwaleka
Emva kokuba ibhoyili iphelile, khupha amanzi, susa ukungcola, kwaye womise umgangatho wesinyithi.Emva koko sebenzisa ngokulinganayo umaleko wepeyinti echasene ne-corrosion kumphezulu wesinyithi ukuthintela ukubola kwebhoyila ngaphandle kwenkonzo.Ipeyinti yokunqanda ukubola yenziwa ngomgubo omnyama welothe kunye ne-oyile ye-injini ngokomlinganiselo othile.Xa ugubungela, kufuneka ukuba zonke iindawo ezinokuqhagamshelwana nazo kufuneka zifakwe ngokulinganayo.
Ukungalungi: Le ndlela iyasebenza kwaye ifanelekile ukugcinwa kwesithando somlilo ixesha elide;nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukusebenza ekusebenzeni kwaye akulula ukupeyinta kwiikona, i-welds, kunye neendonga zemibhobho ezithintekayo kwi-corrosion, ngoko ifanelekile kuphela ukhuseleko lwethiyori.
2. Indlela emanzi
1. Indlela yesisombululo sealkaline:
Le ndlela isebenzisa indlela yokongeza i-alkali ukuzalisa ibhoyili ngamanzi ngexabiso le-pH elingaphezulu kwe-10. Yenza ifilimu ekhuselayo enganyangekiyo kwindawo yesinyithi ukukhusela i-oksijini echithiweyo ekungcoleni isinyithi.Isisombululo se-alkali esisetyenzisiweyo yi-NaOH, i-Na3PO4 okanye umxube wezo zimbini.
Ukungalungi: Ukunyamekela kufuneka kuthatyathwe ukuze kugcinwe ukugxilwa kwe-alkali efanayo kwisisombululo, rhoqo ukubeka iliso kwi-boiler ixabiso le-pH, kwaye ubeke ingqalelo ekubunjweni kwesikali esithathwe.
2. Indlela yokukhusela i-sodium sulfite
I-sodium sulfite yi-agent yokunciphisa ephendula nge-oksijini enyibilikile emanzini ukwenza i-sodium sulfate.Oku kuthintela umphezulu wesinyithi ekubeni ungcoliswe yioksijini enyibilikisiweyo.Ukongezelela, indlela yokukhusela isisombululo esixutywe se-trisodium phosphate kunye ne-nitrite ye-sodium nayo ingasetyenziswa.Le ndlela isekelwe kwinto yokuba olu lwelo oluxutyiweyo lunokwenza ifilimu ekhuselayo kwindawo yesinyithi ukukhusela ukubola kwesinyithi.
Ukungalungi: Xa usebenzisa le ndlela yokukhusela emanzi, isisombululo kufuneka sihlanjululwe ngokucokisekileyo kwaye sicocwe kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba uqale isithando somlilo, kwaye amanzi kufuneka aphinde afakwe.
3. Indlela yokushisa
Le ndlela isetyenziswa xa ixesha lokuvala liphakathi kweentsuku ezili-10.Indlela yokufaka itanki lamanzi ngaphezu kombhobho we-steam kwaye udibanise kwi-drum yomphunga ngombhobho.Emva kokuba ibhoyili ivaliwe, izaliswe ngamanzi angenayo i-deoxygenated, kwaye ininzi yetanki yamanzi izaliswe ngamanzi.I-tank yamanzi ishushu ngumphunga wangaphandle, ukwenzela ukuba amanzi kwi-tank yamanzi ahlala egcina isimo sokubilisa.
Ukungalungi: Ukungalungi kwale ndlela kukuba ifuna umthombo wangaphandle womphunga ukubonelela ngomphunga.
4. Indlela yokukhusela yokumisa (i-backup) yokusetyenziswa kwefilimu yokwenza i-amines
Le ndlela yokongeza i-organic amine film-forming agents kwi-thermal system xa uxinzelelo lwebhoyila kunye nobushushu behla kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo ngexesha lokuvalwa kweyunithi.Ii-agent zijikeleza kunye ne-steam kunye namanzi, kwaye i-agent ye-agent i-adsorbed ngokuqinileyo kwindawo yesinyithi kwaye ihambelana ngokulandelelana.Ilungiselelo lenza i-molecular protective layer with "impembelelo yokukhusela" ukukhusela ukufuduka kweentlawulo kunye nezinto ezinobungozi (i-oksijini, i-carbon dioxide, umswakama) kwindawo yesinyithi ukufezekisa injongo yokuthintela ukubola kwesinyithi.
Ukungalungi: Inxalenye ephambili yale arhente yi-alkanes ephezulu yococeko kunye ne-amines yefilimu ethe nkqo esekelwe kwi-octadecylamine.Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye ii-arhente, kubiza kakhulu kwaye kuyingxaki ukuyilawula.
Ezi ndlela zolondolozo zingentla zilula ukusebenza kusetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla kwaye zisetyenziswa ngamashishini amaninzi kunye namashishini.Nangona kunjalo, kwinkqubo yokusebenza yangempela, ukhetho lweendlela zokugcina lukwahluke kakhulu ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo kunye namaxesha okuvala isithando somlilo.Kumsebenzi wokwenene, ukhetho lweendlela zokulondoloza ngokubanzi lulandela amanqaku alandelayo:
1. Ukuba isithando somlilo sivaliwe ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintathu, indlela ye-desiccant kwindlela eyomileyo kufuneka isetyenziswe.
2. Ukuba isithando somlilo sivaliwe kwiinyanga ezi-1-3, indlela yesisombululo se-alkali okanye indlela ye-sodium nitrite ingasetyenziswa.
3. Emva kokuba ibhoyili iyeka ukusebenza, ukuba inokuqaliswa kwiiyure ezingama-24, indlela yokugcina uxinzelelo ingasetyenziswa.Le ndlela ingasetyenziselwa kwiibhoyila ezisebenza ngokukhawuleza okanye ngaphandle kwenkonzo phakathi kweveki.Kodwa uxinzelelo kwisithando somlilo kufuneka lube phezulu kunoxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric.Ukuba uxinzelelo lufunyenwe lwehla kancinci, umlilo kufuneka uqalwe ukwandisa uxinzelelo ngexesha.
4. Xa ibhoyili imisiwe ngenxa yokugcinwa, indlela yokomisa ingasetyenziswa.Ukuba akukho mfuneko yokukhulula amanzi, indlela yokugcina uxinzelelo ingasetyenziswa.Ukuba ibhoyila emva kokugcinwa kwayo ayinakho ukusetyenziswa ngexesha.Amanyathelo okukhusela ahambelanayo kufuneka amkelwe ngokobude bexesha letyala.
5. Xa usebenzisa ukukhuselwa okumanzi, kungcono ukugcina iqondo lokushisa kwi-boiler room ngaphezu kwe-10 ° C kwaye lingabi ngaphantsi kwe-0 ° C ukuphepha umonakalo weqhwa kwisixhobo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-13-2023
