Ngenjongo yokuba "i-carbon peaking kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni" kucetywayo, utshintsho olubanzi nolunzulu lwezoqoqosho kunye nentlalontle luhamba ngokukhawuleza, olungabeki kuphela iimfuno eziphezulu zophuhliso lwamashishini, kodwa lubonelela ngamathuba amakhulu. Ukunyuswa kwekhabhoni kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni luluhlu olubanzi lweshishini kunye nomcimbi onqamlezileyo obandakanya onke amashishini. Kumashishini, indlela yokufezekisa ngcono ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kunokuqwalaselwa kwezi mbono zilandelayo:
Ukuqhuba i-carbon accounting kunye nokubhengezwa kwekhabhoni
Fumana eyakho "ikharbhon footprint" kwaye ucacise umda wokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Ngesiseko sokucacisa ububanzi bokukhutshwa, iinkampani kufuneka zicacise inani elipheleleyo lokukhutshwa, oko kukuthi, ukuqhuba i-carbon accounting.
Xa ujongene nokukhethwa kweemveliso ezifanayo, abathengi banokukhetha iimveliso ezivela kwiinkampani ezinobunkunkqele obuphezulu beshishini kunye nokubhengezwa okubonakalayo kwempembelelo yazo ebantwini nasemhlabeni. Ukuya kutsho kumkhamo othile, oku kuya kuvuselela iinkampani ukuba ziqhube ulwazi olungafihlisiyo noluzinzileyo, ngaloo ndlela kunyuswa ukukhuphisana kwemveliso. Ngaphantsi kwenjongo yokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni, amashishini, njengomzimba oyintloko wokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, anoxanduva lokuqhuba umngcipheko ophezulu wekhabhoni kunye nokuvezwa kolwazi oluphezulu.
Amashishini kufuneka aseke inkqubo yawo yokulawula umngcipheko wekhabhoni, avavanye ngokucwangcisiweyo imingcipheko yekhabhoni, amkele indibaniselwano yokuthintela okukhawulezileyo, ukulawula, imbuyekezo, ukuzibophelela kunye nokuguqulwa kwamathuba okulawula iingozi zekhabhoni, ukuvavanya iindleko zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, kunye nokuhlaziya rhoqo inkqubo yokulawula umngcipheko wekhabhoni. Faka ulawulo lomngcipheko wekhabhoni kunye nokuthotyelwa kwekhabhoni kumxube.
Ukuseka iinjongo zenzululwazi zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zeshishini. Emva kokubala ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni iyonke yangoku yeshishini, ishishini kufuneka liqulunqe iinjongo zalo zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye neenjongo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zalo zoshishino kwaye kudityaniswe neenjongo zelizwe lam "30 · 60" ezimbini zekhabhoni. Ukucwangcisa, kunye nokusebenzisana nokuqaliswa kweendlela ezicacileyo kunye ezicacileyo zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni, zizinto ezifunekayo zokuqinisekisa ukufezekiswa kweenjongo kwixesha ngalinye elibalulekileyo.
Awona manyathelo obugcisa aphambili kumashishini okunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni aquka le miba mibini ilandelayo:
(1) Itekhnoloji yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ekutshisweni kwamafutha
Amafutha asetyenziswa ngamashishini aquka amalahle, i-coke, i-charcoal eluhlaza, i-oyile ye-fuel, i-petroli kunye ne-diesel, i-liquefied gas, igesi yendalo, i-coke oven gas, i-coal bed methane, njl. kodwa kusekho ubugcisa obuninzi bokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ekuthengeni amafutha kunye nokugcinwa, ukulungiswa kunye nokuguqulwa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-terminal. Ngokomzekelo, ukunciphisa ilahleko ye-deadweight ye-organic components kwi-fuel, i-fuel esetyenzisiweyo kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zokuyila iibhoyili kunye nezinye izixhobo zokutshisa ukunciphisa inkunkuma yamandla kwinkqubo yokutsha.
(2) Inkqubo yeteknoloji yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni
Inkqubo inokubangela ukukhutshwa ngokuthe ngqo kweegesi ze-greenhouse ezifana ne-CO2, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwe-CO2. Amanyathelo obugcisa anokuthathwa ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.
Kwinkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ayibandakanyi ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ukusuka ekutshisweni kwamafutha kunye nombane othengiweyo kunye nobushushu. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo idlala indima ephambili ekukhutshweni kwekhabhoni yeshishini lonke (okanye imveliso). Ngokuphuculwa kwenkqubo, inani lamafutha athengwayo lingancitshiswa kakhulu.
Amashishini ajolise kwimveliso anokunciphisa ungcoliseko kuluntu ngokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni yamafutha kunye nobuchwepheshe bokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Ngokuzisa izixhobo zejenereyitha yomphunga weNobeth kunye nokudibanisa umxholo wemveliso yeshishini, banokumisela isixa somphunga abawufunayo njengesiseko. Khetha awona mandla alinganisiweyo afanelekileyo kunye nobungakanani beejenereyitha zegesi yomphunga. Ngeli xesha, ilahleko ebangelwa ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwangempela iya kuncitshiswa, kwaye umphumo wokugcina amandla uya kubonakala ngakumbi.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wejenereyitha ye-steam kukudibanisa ngokupheleleyo umoya kunye namafutha. Ngoncedo lwe-oksijeni, i-fuel iya kutshisa ngokupheleleyo, engagcini nje ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezingcolileyo, kodwa iphucula izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamafutha. Xa kuthelekiswa neebhoyila eziqhelekileyo, iijenereyitha zomphunga zinokunciphisa ubushushu begesi yokuphuma kwibhoyila kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal. Kwakhona kunokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokugcina iindleko.
Ngoko ke, kwiindawo ezinokunikezelwa kwegesi, kubiza kakhulu ukusebenzisa iijeneretha zegesi. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo ze-fuel generator generators, i-fuel generators ayikwazi ukugcina kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha, kodwa nokunciphisa ukungcola.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-31-2023
