I-Nobbeth 0.2ty / q i-qpef / i-qpertor / igesi yegesi esetyenziswe kumashishini eekhemikhali

Sonke siyazi ukuba ishishini lekhemikhali ligama eliqhelekileyo lamashishini kunye neeyunithi ezibandakanyekayo kwimveliso nophuhliso lweshishini lekhemikhali. Umzi mveliso wekhemikhali ungene kuwo onke amabakala. Iinkqubo zokucoca, ukudaya kunye neenkqubo zokugqibezela, ukufudumeza ukufudumeza, njl njl. Zonke zifuna i-Steators. Abavelisi be-Steam basetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuxhasa ukuveliswa kwamachiza. Oku kulandelayo yintshayelelo kuza kubaveli abavelisi be-Steam basetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezininzi zekhemikhali.

Inkqubo yokuCoca
Inkqubo yokucoca yitekhnoloji eqhelekileyo kakhulu kwishishini lekhemikhali, kutheni le nto kufuneka isebenzise umthengisi weSteam? Kuyavela ukuba ukucocwa kukwahlula ukungcola kumxube wokuphucula ubunyulu bayo. Inkqubo yokucoca yahlulahlulwe yahlulwahlulwa, i-crystallization, ukuhlangana, ukukhutshwa, ukukhutshwa, i-chromatography, njl. Njl. Kwinkqubo yokuphanga nokucoca, iindawo ezahlukeneyo zokubila zamacandelo e-switcal of isetyenziselwa ukufudumeza umxube wamanzi ukuze into ethile iguqukele kwi-steam kwaye emva koko iphumle kwinjongo yokwahlukana nokucocwa. Ke ngoko, inkqubo yokucoca ayinakwahlulwa kumvelisi weSteam.

I-Dye yokudaya kunye nokugqiba
Ishishini lekhemikhali likwane-Dye kunye neenkqubo zokugqiba. Ukudaya kunye nokugqitywa kukuphathwa kweekhemikhali zezixhobo ezifana neentsinga kunye neentambo. Imithombo yobushushu ayifunwayo ukuze itshate, ukudaya, ukushicilela kunye neenkqubo zokugqiba zinikezelwa ngumphunga. Ukwenzela ukunciphisa inkunkuma yomthombo wobushushu obutshisayo, i-steam eveliswe ngumvelisi weSteam ingasetyenziselwa ukufudumeza ngexesha lokudayala kunye nokugqiba.
Umvelisi we-Steam wokudaya kunye nokugqitywa kukwinkqubo yokuqhubelwa kwemichiza. Izinto zefibben kufuneka zihlanjwe kwaye zomiswe rhoqo emva konyango lweekhemikhali, ezitya inani elikhulu lamandla ashushu kwaye livelisa izinto eziyingozi ezingcolisa umoya kunye namanzi. Ukuba ufuna ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwetshathi kwaye unciphise ungcoliseko ngexesha le-Dye lokudaya kunye nenkqubo yokugqiba, kufuneka uthenge imithombo yobushushu ngendlela ye-Steam. Nangona kunjalo, kuyavela ingxaki. Ezi zixhobo azinakusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo i-Steam-sundess ephezulu efakiwe kumzi-mveliso. I-Steam ithengwe kwixabiso eliphezulu kufuneka ipholiselwe ukuze isetyenziswe, ekhokelela kumatshini ongenele kumatshini. Oku kubangele imeko engqubanayo apho ubushushu obuphezulu kunye ne-Steam ye-Steam ayinakusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye igalelo le-steam kwizixhobo alonelanga, kukhokelela kwinkunkuma ye-Steam. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umvelisi weSteam usetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-Steam, umlawuli woxinzelelo unokulungelelanisa uxinzelelo lwe-Steam ngokweemeko zemveliso. Kwangelo xesha, umvelisi weSteam usebenza ngokuzenzekelayo ngokuzenzekelayo ngokucofa enye, ukunciphisa iindleko zomsebenzi.

Ukuxhasa ukuphendula
Njengesixhobo esiqhelekileyo kwimveliso yangoku yemveliso, ii-reactors zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekusebenzeni kokutya, ukuvelisa amayeza, ukuqhubekeka kwedayi, umveliso we-petrochemical, ukuvelisa irabha, amanye amashishini. Iinkqubo zenziwa zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezithile zemveliso ukugqiba iinkqubo ezinje ngevumba, i-hydrogenation, i-verigenation, i-polymerization, kunye ne-prolymerization, kunye ne-prolimes yezinto eziluhlaza. Isalathiso sifuna isixhobo esinomdla kwiinkqubo zokutshintsha ngokwasemzimbeni njengokukhumbula, ukupholisa, ukuthobela ulwelo, kunye nokufumana igesi ukufezekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo.

Ukongeza, nokuba ireferensi ishushu okanye ipholile ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kufuneka yenziwe ngaphakathi komahluko ofanelekileyo wobushushu. Ngokubanzi, iqondo lobushushu le-Steam kufuneka lingaphantsi kwe-180 ° C, umahluko othusayo othusayo kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-120 ° C, kwaye isothuso lokupholisa kufuneka lingaphantsi kwe-90 ° C. Oku kufuna ukuba sisebenzise umthombo oshushu wenkanyezi ngexesha lokufudumeza kwesakrazo. Kwixa elidlulileyo, ukugxothwa kwamalahle, ukugxothwa kwegesi, kunye nabakhemisi bamanzi avuthayo beoyile baqhele ukusetyenziswa njengokufunyanwa kobushushu be-reactors. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuphuculwa kancinci kweemfuno zoKhuseleko lweNdalo yethu ukukhusela iingozi zemveliso, kungcono ukusebenzisa umvelisi we-steam ukuwisa i-reactor. Ukufudumeza umbane umvelisi wombane kuyacetyiswa ngenxa yokufudumeza. Xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso zeoyile kunye negesi, kunobuhlobo bokuyisiswa, okonga amandla, ezoqoqosho, okufikelelekayo, kwaye uzinzile.

Ishishini lekhemikhali yikota ngokubanzi yamashishini kunye neeyunithi ezibandakanyekayo kwimveliso nophuhliso lweshishini lekhemikhali. Umzi mveliso wekhemikhali ungene kuwo onke amachiza kwaye yinxalenye engenakuphikiswa nebaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho lweSizwe. Ukuphuhliswa kwayo kukulandela indlela yophuhliso oluzinzileyo, olunokubaluleka okusebenzayo kwezoqoqosho nophuhliso lwentlalo.