Ama-boilers ezimboni asetshenziswa kakhulu kumandla kagesi, imboni yamakhemikhali, embonini ekhanyayo kanye neminye imboni, futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimpilweni zamabhizinisi nezikhungo. Lapho i-boiler ingasebenzi, inani elikhulu lomoya lizongena ohlelweni lwamanzi we-boiler. Yize i-boiler ikhiphe amanzi, kukhona ifilimu lamanzi ebusweni bawo bensimbi, futhi umoya-mpilo uyochithwa kuwo, okuholele ekugcwalisweni, okuholela ekuguguleni komoya. Lapho kunesilinganiso sikasawoti endaweni yensimbi ye-boiler, engachithwa kwifilimu yamanzi, lokhu kuvulwa kuzoba kubi kakhulu. Ukuzilolonga kukhombisa ukuthi ukugqwala okunzima kuma-boilers kwakhiwa kakhulu ngesikhathi senqubo yokuvala futhi kuyaqhubeka ukuthuthukisa ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa. Ngakho-ke, ukuthatha izindlela zokuvikela ezifanele ngesikhathi senqubo yokuvala kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela ukugqwala okubili, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile, futhi kunwebe impilo yenkonzo ye-boiler.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokuvimbela ukugqwala kwe-boiler shutdown, okungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: indlela eyomile nendlela emanzi.
1. Indlela esomile
1. Indlela ye-Desiccant
Ubuchwepheshe be-desiccant busho ukuthi ngemuva kokuthi ama-boiler amisiwe, lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi liyehla liye ku-100 ~ 120 ° C, wonke amanzi azokhishwa, futhi ukushisa imfucuza esithandweni somlilo kuzosetshenziselwa ukomisa indawo yensimbi; Ngasikhathi sinye, isikali esinqunyelwe ohlelweni lwamanzi e-boiler luzosuswa, i-SLAG yamanzi nezinye izinto ziyakhishwa. I-Desiccant ifakwe ku-boiler ukuze igcine indawo yayo yomile ukugwema ukubhujiswa. I-Desiccants esetshenziswa kaningi ifaka: I-CACL2, CAO, ne-Silica Gel.
Ukubekwa kwe-Desiccant: Hlukanisa umuthi ube amapuleti ama-porcelain amaningana bese uwabeka kuma-boilers ahlukene. Ngalesi sikhathi, wonke ama-soda nama-valves amanzi kufanele avalwe ukuvikela ukungena komoya wangaphandle.
Okubi: Le ndlela iyi-hygroscopic kuphela. Kumele ihlolwe ngemuva kokungeza i-desiccant. Njalo naka ukubhekisisa ubuhlalu bomuthi. Uma kwenzeka kwe-Deliibescence, buyisela emuva ngesikhathi.
2. Indlela yokomisa
Le ndlela ukudonsa amanzi lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi e-boiler liya ku-100 ~ 120 ° C lapho i-boiler ivaliwe. Lapho amanzi esephelelwe amandla, sebenzisa ukushisa okusele esithandweni somlilo ukuze abile noma wethula umoya oshisayo esithandweni sokomisa indawo yangaphakathi ye-boiler.
Okubi: Le ndlela ilungele kuphela ukuvikela okwesikhashana kwama-boilers ngesikhathi sokulungiswa.
3. Indlela yokushaja ye-Hydrogen
Indlela yokushaja ye-nitrogen ukukhokhisa i-hydrogen ohlelweni lwamanzi o-boiler futhi ilondoloze ingcindezi ethile enhle yokuvimbela umoya ekungeneni. Njengoba i-hydrogen ingasebenzi kakhulu futhi ayisebenzi kahle, kungavimbela ukugqwala okuvuthayo kwe-boiler.
Indlela yile:Ngaphambi kokuvala isithando somlilo, xhuma ipayipi eligcwalisa i-nitrogen. Lapho ingcindezi esithandweni somlilo iwela ku-0.5 gauge, isilinda se-hydrogen siqala ukuthumela i-nitrogen kwisigubhu se-boiler nezomnotho ngamapayipi wesikhashana. Izidingo: (1) Ubumsulwa be-nitrogen kufanele bube ngaphezulu kwama-99%. (2) Lapho isithando somlilo esingenalutho sigcwele i-nitrogen; Ingcindezi ye-nitrogen esithandweni somlilo kufanele ibe ngaphezulu kwengcindezi engu-0.5 gauge. (3) Lapho ugcwalisa nge-nitrogen, wonke ama-valves ohlelweni lwamanzi embiza kufanele avalwe futhi kufanele aqine ukuvikela ukuvuza. (4) Ngesikhathi sesikhathi sokuvikela umkhokhi we-nitrogen, ingcindezi ye-hydrogen ohlelweni lwamanzi nokuqina kwe-boiler kumele kubhekwe njalo. Uma ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-nitrogen kutholakala, ukuvuza kufanele kutholakale futhi kuqedwe ngokushesha.
Okubi:Udinga ukukhokha ngokuqinile ezinkingeni zokuvuza kwe-hydrogen, hlola ngesikhathi nsuku zonke, futhi ubhekane nezinkinga ngesikhathi esifanele. Le ndlela ilungele kuphela ukuvikela ama-boilers aphelelwe yinkonzo isikhathi esifushane.
4. Indlela yokugcwalisa i-ammonia
Indlela yokugcwalisa i-ammonia ukugcwalisa yonke ivolumu ye-boiler nge-ammonia gesi ngemuva kokuvalwa kwamanzi namanzi akhishwa. I-Amonia iyancibilika efisweni lamanzi endaweni yensimbi, yakha ifilimu evikela ukuntuleka yokugqwala endaweni yensimbi. I-Amonia nayo inganciphisa i-solubity ye-oksijini efilimu yamanzi futhi ivikele ukugqwala ngomoya oksijini oncibilikisiwe.
Okubi: Lapho usebenzisa indlela yokugcwalisa i-ammonia, izingxenye zethusi kufanele zisuswe ukuze zilondoloze ingcindezi ye-ammonia ku-boiler.
5. Indlela yokuhlanganisa
Ngemuva kokuthi i-boiler ingasebenzi, chitha amanzi, ususe ukungcola, bese wehla insimbi yensimbi. Ngemuva kwalokho faka ungqimba wopende wokulwa nokugqwala endaweni yensimbi ukuvikela ukugqwala okuphuma ngaphandle kwenkonzo ye-boiler. Upende wokulwa nolonakalisayo ngokuvamile kwenziwa nge-Black Holy Powder kanye ne-Injini Oyili ngesilinganiso esithile. Lapho kudingeka, kuyadingeka ukuthi zonke izingxenye ezingathintwayo kufanele zihlanganiswe ngokulinganayo.
Okubi: Le ndlela iyasebenza futhi ilungele ukuvalwa kwe-shutdow yesikhathi eside; Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukusebenza ekusebenzeni futhi akulula ukupenda emakhoneni, ama-welds, kanye nezindonga zamapayipi ezithambekele ekugqwalisweni, ngakho-ke kufanelekile kuphela ukuvikela okungokomqondo.
2. Indlela emanzi
1. Indlela yesisombululo se-Alkaline:
Le ndlela isebenzisa indlela yokungeza i-Alkali ukugcwalisa ama-boiler ngamanzi ngenani le-PH angenhla kwe-10. Isixazululo se-Alkali esisetshenzisiwe yiNaoh, NA3PO4 noma ingxube yalokhu.
Okubi: Ukunakekelwa kudinga ukuthathwa ukuze kugcinwe ukugxila kwe-alkali efanayo kwikhambi, kuvame ukuqapha inani le-boiler Ph, bese unaka ukwakheka kwesilinganiso esithathwe.
2. Indlela yokuvikela i-sodium sulfite
I-Sodium Sulfite ngumenzeli oncishisiwe osabela ngomoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini ukwakha i-sodium sulfate. Lokhu kuvimbela indawo yensimbi ekufezekiswe umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela yokuvikelwa yesixazululo esixubile se-trisodium phosphate ne-sodium nitrite nayo ingasetshenziswa. Le ndlela isuselwa eqinisweni lokuthi lolu ketshezi oluxubile lungakha ifilimu evikelayo endaweni yensimbi ukuvikela ukugqwala kwensimbi.
Okubi: Lapho usebenzisa le ndlela yokuvikela emanzi, ikhambi kufanele likhishwe ngehlanzekile futhi lihlanzwe kahle ngaphambi kokuqala isithando somlilo, namanzi kufanele afakwe futhi.
3. Indlela yokushisa
Le ndlela isetshenziswa lapho isikhathi sokuvalwa kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10. Indlela ukufaka ithangi lamanzi ngaphezu kwesigubhu seSteam bese uyixhuma kwisigubhu seSteam ngepayipi. Ngemuva kokuthi i-boiler yenziwe isebenze, igcwele amanzi afakwe e-denoxgenated, futhi iningi lethangi lamanzi ligcwele amanzi. Ithangi lamanzi lifuthelwa umusi wangaphandle, ukuze amanzi asethangini lamanzi ahlala egcina isimo esibilayo.
Ububi: Ububi ngale ndlela ukuthi budinga umthombo wamanzi wangaphandle wokunikeza umusi.
I-4. Indlela yokuvikela yokuma (isipele) ukusetshenziswa kwemigqa eyakha ifilimu
Le ndlela ukwengeza ama-organic amine ama-ejenti akha ama-ejenti akha ama-agents ohlelweni lwe-Thermal lapho umfutho we-boiler kanye nokushisa wehla ezimweni ezifanele ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kweyunithi. Ama-ejenti ajikeleza umusi namanzi, futhi ama-molecule e-agent adilizwa ngokuqinile endaweni yensimbi futhi athambekele ngokulandelana. Lokhu kuhlela kwakha ungqimba oluvikelekile ngomugqa "ngomphumela wokuvikelwa" ukuvimbela ukufuduka kwamacala nezinto ezilimazayo (umoya-mpilo, isikhutha, umswakama) endaweni yensimbi ukufeza inhloso yokuvimbela ukugqwala kwensimbi.
Okubi: Ingxenye eyinhloko yalomthelela i-alkanes evukile enomugqa kanye namafilimu aqala ngokwakha amafilimu asuselwa ku-OctadecyAmne. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-ejenti, kuyabiza kakhulu futhi kuyakhathaza ukuphathwa.
Izindlela ezingenhla zondolozo kulula ukuzisebenzisa ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke futhi zisetshenziswa amafekthri namabhizinisi amaningi. Kodwa-ke, kwinqubo yangempela yokusebenza, ukukhetha kwezindlela zokulungisa nakho kuhluke kakhulu ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene zokuvala isithando somlilo. Ekusebenzeni kwangempela, ukukhethwa kwezindlela zokulungisa ngokuvamile kulandela amaphuzu alandelayo:
1. Uma isithando somlilo sivaliwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu, indlela ye-desiccant ngendlela eyomile kufanele isetshenziswe.
2. Uma isithando somlilo sivaliwe izinyanga eziyi-1-3, indlela ye-Alkali Solution noma indlela ye-sodium nitrite ingasetshenziswa.
I-3. Ngemuva kokuthi i-boiler iyeka ukusebenza, uma kungaqalwa kungakapheli amahora angama-24, indlela yokulondolozwa kwengcindezi ingasetshenziswa. Le ndlela nayo ingasetjenziselwa ama-boilers asebenza ngezikhathi ezithile noma aphelelwe yinkonzo kungakapheli isonto. Kepha ingcindezi esithandweni somlilo kumele ibe ngaphezulu kwengcindezi yezulu. Uma ingcindezi itholakala ukuthi yehle kancane, kufanele kwaqalwe umlilo ukukhulisa ingcindezi ngesikhathi.
4. Lapho i-boiler iyekile ngenxa yokulungiswa, indlela yokumisa ingasetshenziswa. Uma singekho isidingo sokukhipha amanzi, indlela yokulondolozwa kwengcindezi ingasetshenziswa. Uma i-boiler ngemuva kokulondolozwa ingenakusetshenziswa ngesikhathi. Izindlela zokuvikela ezihambisanayo kufanele zamukelwe ngokuya ngobude besikhathi sesikweletu.
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Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-13-2023
