Izinkomba zobuchwepheshe zesitimu zibonakala ezidingweni zokuphehla umusi, ezokuthutha, ukusetshenziswa kokushintshaniswa kokushisa, ukubuyiswa kokushisa kwemfucuza nezinye izici. Izinkomba zobuchwepheshe be-Steam zidinga ukuthi yonke inqubo yokuklama, ukwakhiwa, ukunakekelwa, ukugcinwa, kanye nokwenza kahle kwesistimu yesitimu ibe nengqondo futhi ibe semthethweni. Isistimu ye-steam enhle ingasiza abasebenzisi be-steam ukunciphisa ukuchithwa kwamandla ngo-5-50%, okunokubaluleka okuhle kwezomnotho nezenhlalakahle.
Isitimu sasezimbonini kufanele sibe nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo: 1. Ingafinyelela izinga lokusebenzisa; 2. Ikhwalithi efanele; 3. Ingcindezi efanele kanye nezinga lokushisa; 4. Ayinawo umoya namagesi angacondensable; 5. Hlanza ; 6. Yomile
Izinga elilungile lisho ukuthi indawo yokusetshenziswa kwesitimu kufanele ithole inani elifanele lesitimu, okudinga ukubalwa okufanele komthwalo wesitimu bese kukhethwa kahle amapayipi okuhambisa isitimu.
Ukucindezela okulungile kanye nezinga lokushisa kusho ukuthi isitimu kufanele sibe nokucindezela okulungile lapho sifika endaweni yokusetshenziswa, ngaphandle kwalokho ukusebenza kuzothinteka. Lokhu futhi kuhlobene nokukhetha okulungile kwamapayipi.
Isilinganiso somfutho sibonisa kuphela ingcindezi, kodwa ayisho yonke indaba. Isibonelo, uma isitimu siqukethe umoya namanye amagesi angacondensable, izinga lokushisa langempela lesitimu alilona izinga lokushisa lokugcwala endaweni yokucindezela elihambisana netafula lesitimu.
Lapho umoya uxutshwa nesitimu, umthamo wesitimu ungaphansi komthamo wesitimu esimsulwa, okusho izinga lokushisa eliphansi. Umphumela wawo ungachazwa ngumthetho kaDalton wokucindezela okuyingxenye.
Ngengxube yomoya nesitimu, ingcindezi ephelele yegesi exutshiwe iyisamba sezingcindezi zengxenye ngayinye yegesi ethatha indawo yonke.
Uma ingcindezi yegesi exubile yesitimu nomoya ingu-1barg (2bara), ingcindezi eboniswa yigeji yokucindezela ingu-1Barg, kodwa empeleni umfutho we-steam osetshenziswa imishini yesitimu ngalesi sikhathi ungaphansi kwe-1barg. Uma into esetshenziswayo idinga ibhagi yesitimu engu-1 ukuze ifinyelele okukhiphayo okulinganiselwe, khona-ke kuqinisekile ukuthi ngeke ikwazi ukuhlinzekwa ngalesi sikhathi.
Ezinqubweni eziningi, kunomkhawulo omncane wokushisa ukuze kuzuzwe izinguquko zamakhemikhali noma zomzimba. Uma isitimu sithwala umswakama sizonciphisa izinga lokushisa ngeyunithi ngayinye yesisindo somusi (i-enthalpy of evaporation). I-steam kufanele igcinwe yomile ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu kokunciphisa ukushisa kweyunithi ngayinye ethwala umusi, amaconsi amanzi ku-steam azokwandisa ubukhulu befilimu yamanzi ebusweni bomshini wokushisa futhi akhulise ukumelana nokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ukukhishwa kwesishintshi sokushisa.
Kunemithombo eminingi yokungcola ezimisweni zesitimu, njengalokhu: 1. Izinhlayiya ezithwalwa zisuka kubhayela emanzini ngenxa yokusebenza okungafanele kwebhayili; 2. Isikali sombhobho; 3. I-slag yokushisela; 4. Izinto zokuxhuma amapayipi. Zonke lezi zinto zingathinta ukusebenza kahle kohlelo lwakho lwesitimu.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi: 1. Amakhemikhali okucubungula avela kubhayela anganqwabelana endaweni yokushintsha ukushisa, ngaleyo ndlela ehlise ukudluliswa kokushisa; 2. Ukungcola kwamapayipi nezinye izinto zangaphandle zingathinta ukusebenza kwama-valve okulawula kanye nezicupho.
Ukuze kuvikelwe le mikhiqizo, ukwelashwa kwamanzi kungenziwa ukuze kwandiswe ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi angena emishini, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamanzi, nokuthuthukisa izinga le-steam. Izihlungi nazo zingafakwa kumapayipi.
I-Nobeth steam generator ingakhiqiza isitimu ngokuhlanzeka okuphezulu ngokushisisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Uma isetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nezinto zokuhlanza amanzi, ingathuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo ikhwalithi yesitimu futhi ivikele izinto zokusebenza ukuthi zingathinteki.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-24-2023
