Noma yimuphi umkhiqizo uzoba namapharamitha athile. Izinkomba eziyinhloko zepharamitha yama-boilers we-steam ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa amandla okukhiqiza i-steam generator, ukucindezela kwe-steam, izinga lokushisa le-steam, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kanye nokushisa kwamanzi, njll. Izinkomba eziyinhloko zepharamitha zamamodeli ahlukene kanye nezinhlobo zama-boilers we-steam nazo zizohluka. Okulandelayo, uNobeth uthatha wonke umuntu ukuze aqonde imingcele eyisisekelo yama-boilers esitimu.
Amandla wokuhwamuka:Inani le-steam elikhiqizwa i-boiler ngehora libizwa ngokuthi i-evaporation capacity t/h, emelelwa uphawu D. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamandla wokuhwamuka kwebhoyili: umthamo wokuhwamuka olinganiselwe, umthamo omkhulu wokuhwamuka kanye namandla okuhwamuka kwezomnotho.
Umthamo wokuhwamuka olinganiselwe:Inani elimakwe ku-nameplate yomkhiqizo webhayela libonisa umthamo wokuhwamuka okhiqizwa ihora ngalinye yibhayela kusetshenziswa uhlobo lukaphethiloli olwaklanywe ekuqaleni futhi lusebenza ngokuqhubekayo isikhathi eside kungcindezi yokusebenza eklanyelwe yasekuqaleni kanye nezinga lokushisa.
Umthamo omkhulu wokuhwamuka:Ibonisa inani eliphezulu le-steam elikhiqizwa ibhayela ngehora ekusebenzeni kwangempela. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukusebenza kahle kwe-boiler kuzoncishiswa, ngakho-ke ukusebenza isikhathi eside kumthamo omkhulu wokuhwamuka kufanele kugwenywe.
Umthamo wokuhwamuka komnotho:Lapho i-boiler isebenza ngokuqhubekayo, umthamo wokuhwamuka lapho ukusebenza kahle kufinyelela ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu kubizwa ngokuthi umthamo wokuhwamuka kwezomnotho, okuvamise ukuba ngu-80% womthamo omkhulu wokuhwamuka. Ingcindezi: Iyunithi yengcindezi ku-International System of Units i-Newton ngemitha-skwele ngayinye (N/cmi'), imelelwa uphawu pa, olubizwa ngokuthi “Pascal”, noma “Pa” ngamafuphi.
Incazelo:Ingcindezi eyakhiwe ngamandla e-1N isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo endaweni engu-1cm2.
I-Newton engu-1 ilingana nesisindo sika-0.102kg no-0.204 pounds, kanti u-1kg ulingana nama-Newtons angu-9.8.
Iyunithi yokucindezela evame ukusetshenziswa kumabhoyela i-megapascal (Mpa), okusho ukuthi ama-pascal ayizigidi, 1Mpa=1000kpa=1000000pa
Kobunjiniyela, ingcindezi yomkhathi wephrojekthi ivamise ukubhalwa cishe njengo-0.098Mpa;
Umfutho womoya owodwa ojwayelekile ucishe ubhalwe njengo-0.1Mpa
I-Absolute pressure kanye ne-gauge pressure:Ingcindezi ephakathi nendawo ephakeme kunomfutho wasemkhathini ibizwa ngokuthi i-positive pressure, kanti i-medium pressure ephansi kune-atmospheric ibizwa ngokuthi i-negative pressure. Ingcindezi ihlukaniswe yaba yingcindezi ephelele kanye nengcindezi yegeji ngokuya ngezindinganiso ezihlukene zokucindezela. Ukucindezela okuphelele kubhekisela ekucindezelweni okubalwe kusukela lapho kuqalwa khona lapho ingekho nhlobo ingcindezi esitsheni, esiqoshwe njengo-P; kuyilapho ukucindezela kwegeji kubhekisela ekucindezelweni okubalwe kusukela kumfutho womkhathi njengendawo yokuqala, eqoshwe njenge-Pb. Ngakho-ke ingcindezi yegeji isho ingcindezi engaphezulu noma engaphansi komfutho womoya. Ubudlelwano bengcindezi obungenhla yilokhu: ingcindezi ephelele Pj = ingcindezi yasemkhathini Pa + gauge pressure Pb.
Izinga lokushisa:Inani elibonakalayo eliveza amazinga okushisa ashisayo nabandayo ento. Ngokombono we-microscopic, inani elichaza ukushuba kokunyakaza okushisayo kwama-molecule ento. Ukushisa okuqondile kwento: Ukushisa okuqondile kubhekisela ekushiseni okumuncwa (noma okukhishwayo) lapho izinga lokushisa leyunithi yesisindo sento likhuphuka (noma lehla) ngo-1C.
Isitimu samanzi:Ibhayela iyisisetshenziswa esiphehla isitimu samanzi. Ngaphansi kwezimo zengcindezi eqhubekayo, amanzi ashiselwa kubhayela ukuze kukhiqizwe isitimu samanzi, ngokuvamile esidlula ezigabeni ezintathu ezilandelayo.
Isiteji sokushisisa amanzi:Amanzi afakwe ku-boiler ekushiseni okuthile ashiswa ngokucindezelwa njalo ku-boiler. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphukela enanini elithile, amanzi aqala ukubilisa. Izinga lokushisa lapho amanzi ebila libizwa ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lokugcwala, futhi ukucindezela kwawo okuhambisanayo kubizwa ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lokugcwala kwamanzi. ingcindezi yokugcwalisa. Kukhona ukuxhumana okukodwa kokukodwa phakathi kwezinga lokushisa lokugcwala kanye nengcindezi yokugcwalisa, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa elilodwa lokugcwala lihambisana nokucindezela kokugcwaliswa kwesikhala okukodwa. Lapho izinga lokushisa liphakeme, izinga lokushisa lokugcwala liphezulu, ingcindezi yokugcwalisa ehambisanayo iyanda.
Ukukhiqizwa kwesitimu esigcwele:Uma amanzi eshiselwa abe izinga lokushisa lokugcwala, uma ukushisa ngokucindezela okuqhubekayo kuqhubeka, amanzi agcwele azoqhubeka nokukhiqiza isitimu esigcwele. Inani le-steam lizokhula futhi inani lamanzi lizokwehla kuze kube yilapho likhishwa ngokuphelele. Phakathi nayo yonke le nqubo, izinga lokushisa layo lihlala lingashintshile.
Ukushisa okucashile kwe-vaporization:Ukushisa okudingekayo ukuze kushise u-1kg wamanzi agcwele ngaphansi kwengcindezi engapheli kuze kube yilapho kuhwamuka ngokuphelele kusitimu esigcwele ngezinga lokushisa elifanayo, noma ukushisa okukhishwa ngokujiya lesi sitimu esigcwele emanzini agcwele ngezinga lokushisa elifanayo, kubizwa ngokuthi ukushisa okucashile kokuhwamuka. Ukushisa okucashile kwe-vaporization kuyashintsha ngokushintsha kwengcindezi yokugcwala. Ukuphakama kwengcindezi yokugcwala, kuba kuncane ukushisa okucashile kokuhwamuka.
Ukukhiqizwa kwesitimu esishisa kakhulu:Lapho isitimu esomile esigcwele siqhubeka sishiswa ngengcindezi engapheli, izinga lokushisa lesitimu liyakhuphuka futhi lidlule izinga lokushisa lokugcwala. Isitimu esinjalo sibizwa ngokuthi isitimu esishisa kakhulu.
Okungenhla amanye amapharamitha ayisisekelo kanye namagama asetshenziswa kubhayela wesitimu ukuze uthole ireferensi yakho lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-24-2023
