A:
Amanzi ayisisetshenziswa esibalulekile sokuhambisa ukushisa kumajeneretha omusi. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwamanzi kwe-steam generator yezimboni kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle, umnotho, ukuphepha, nokusebenza kwamajeneretha omusi. Ihlanganisa izimiso zokwelashwa kwamanzi, amanzi ajikijelwe, amanzi okuzenzela, kanye nokukala ukumelana nokushisa. Ezicini eziningi, yethula umthelela wokwelashwa kwamanzi okukhiqiza umusi wezimboni ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla kagesi.
Izinga lamanzi linomthelela obalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla kwamajeneretha omusi. Izinkinga zekhwalithi zamanzi ezibangelwa ukwelashwa kwamanzi okungafanele ngokuvamile ziholela ezinkingeni ezifana nokukala, ukugqwala, kanye nokwanda kwezinga lokuthuthwa kwendle ye-steam generator, okuholela ekwehleni kokusebenza kahle okushisayo kwejeneretha yesitimu, kanye nokusebenza kahle okushisayo kwejeneretha yesitimu Ngayinye. ukuncishiswa kwamaphesenti kuzonyusa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-1.2 kuya ku-1.5.
Njengamanje, ukwelashwa kwamanzi okuphehla umusi wezimboni ezifuywayo kungahlukaniswa ngezinyathelo ezimbili: ukwelashwa kwamanzi ngaphandle kwebhodwe kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi ngaphakathi ebhodweni. Ukubaluleka kwakho kokubili ukugwema ukugqwala kanye nokukala kwejeneretha yesitimu.
Ukugxila kwamanzi angaphandle kwebhodwe ukuthambisa amanzi futhi kukhishwe ukungcola okufana ne-calcium, umoya-mpilo, nosawoti wokuqina kwe-magnesium okuvela emanzini aluhlaza ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha zomzimba, zamakhemikhali kanye ne-electrochemical; kuyilapho amanzi angaphakathi ebhodweni esebenzisa izidakamizwa zezimboni njengendlela yokwelapha eyisisekelo.
Ukuze ukwelashwa kwamanzi ngaphandle kwebhodwe, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa kwamanzi e-steam generator, kunezigaba ezintathu. Indlela yokushintshanisa i-sodium ion esetshenziswa ekwelapheni amanzi athambekele inganciphisa ubulukhuni bamanzi, kodwa i-alkalinity yamanzi ayikwazi ukuncishiswa ngokuqhubekayo.
Ukukala kwejeneretha ye-steam kungahlukaniswa nge-sulfate, i-carbonate, isikali se-silicate nesikali esixubile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi evamile ye-steam generator, ukusebenza kwayo kokudlulisa ukushisa kungu-1/20 kuphela kuya ku-1/240 yakamuva. Ukungcola kuzonciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kokudlulisa ukushisa kwejeneretha yesitimu, kubangele ukushisa okuvuthayo kuthathwe intuthu yokukhipha umoya, okuholela ekuncipheni kokuphuma kwejeneretha yesitimu kanye nekhwalithi yesitimu. Ukungcola kwe-Lmm kuzodala ukulahleka kwegesi okungu-3% kuye ku-5%.
Indlela yokushintshanisa i-sodium ion okwamanje esetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukuthambisa inzima ukufeza inhloso yokususwa kwe-alkali. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izingxenye zokucindezela azigqwali, amajeneretha omusi wezimboni kufanele alawulwe ngokukhipha indle kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi ebhodweni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-alkalinity yamanzi aluhlaza ifinyelela ezingeni.
Ngakho-ke, izinga lokuthuthwa kwendle ezinjinini ezikhiqiza umusi ezimbonini ezifuywayo lihlale liphakathi kuka-10% no-20%, futhi njalo ngo-1% ukwenyuka kwezinga lokuthululwa kwendle kuzodala ukulahleka kukaphethiloli kunyuke ngo-0.3% kuya ku-1%, okunciphise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi. amajeneretha omusi; okwesibili, Ukwanda kokuqukethwe kukasawoti we-steam okubangelwa ukuhwamuka ngokubambisana kwesoda namanzi kuzophinde kubangele ukulimala kwemishini futhi kwandise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwejeneretha yesitimu.
Ethintwa inqubo yokukhiqiza, amajeneretha omusi wezimboni anamandla amakhulu ngokuvamile adinga ukufaka ama-thermal deaerator. Kunezinkinga ezivamile ekusetshenzisweni kwayo: ukusetshenziswa kwenani elikhulu le-steam kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo kokushisa kwe-generator ye-steam; umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwezinga lokushisa lokuphakelwa kwamanzi le-steam generator kanye nezinga lokushisa lamanzi elijwayelekile le-heater liba likhudlwana, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kokushisa kwe-exhaust eyengeziwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-22-2023
