Ukuze silungise izinga lokushisa le-steam generator, okokuqala sidinga ukuqonda izici nezindlela ezithinta ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa le-steam, sibambe izici ezithonya izinga lokushisa le-steam, futhi siqondise ngendlela efanele ukulungisa kahle izinga lokushisa le-steam ukuze izinga lokushisa le-steam likwazi. ilawulwe ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele. Ngokuvamile, izici ezithinta ukuguqulwa kwezinga lokushisa le-steam zingahlukaniswa zibe izingxenye ezimbili, okungukuthi ithonya le-flue gas side kanye nohlangothi lwesitimu ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa le-steam.
1. Izinto ezinomthelela ohlangothini lwegesi ephumayo:
1) Umthelela wokuqina kokuvutha. Lapho umthwalo uhlala ungashintshiwe, uma ukushiswa kuqiniswa (umthamo womoya kanye nomthamo wamalahle ukhuphuka), umfutho oyinhloko we-steam uzokhuphuka, futhi izinga lokushisa eliyinhloko le-steam kanye nokushisa kabusha kwe-steam kuzokwanda ngenxa yokwanda kwezinga lokushisa lomusi kanye nevolumu yegesi ye-flue. ; ngaphandle kwalokho, bazokwehla, futhi umfutho we-steam uzokwanda. I-amplitude yokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ihlobene ne-amplitude yokushintsha komlilo.
I-2) Ithonya lesikhundla sesikhungo somlilo (isikhungo somlilo). Lapho isikhungo selangabi lesithando somlilo siya phezulu, izinga lokushisa lentuthu yesithando somlilo liyakhuphuka. Njengoba i-superheater kanye ne-reheater kuhlelwa engxenyeni engenhla yesithando somlilo, ukushisa okukhazimulayo okumuncwa kuyanda, okubangela ukushisa okuyinhloko nokushisisa kabusha kwamazinga okushisa kukhuphuke. Kuboniswa ekusebenzeni kwangempela, lapho isigayo samalahle sishintshela endaweni ephakathi nendawo nangaphezulu yokusebenza kwesigayo samalahle, izinga lokushisa eliyinhloko lokushisisa kabusha liyakhuphuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uphawu lwamanzi ngaphansi kwejeneretha ye-steam lulahlekile, ukucindezela okungalungile esithandweni kuzomunca umoya obandayo osuka phansi esithandweni somlilo, kukhuphule isikhungo somlilo, okuzobangela ukushisa okuyinhloko kokushisa kwe-steam. khuphuka kakhulu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izinga lokushisa lesitimu lizokwenza. Izinga lokushisa lodonga lwe-superheater lidlula umkhawulo kuzo zonke izici.
3) Ithonya lomthamo womoya. Ivolumu yomoya ithinta ngqo umthamo wegesi yoflue, okusho ukuthi inomthelela omkhulu kuhlobo lwe-convection superheater kanye ne-reheater. Ekwakhiweni kwethu kwejeneretha yesitimu, izici zokushisa zesitimu ze-superheater ngokuvamile ziwuhlobo lokuguquguquka kwesitimu, futhi izici zokushisa zesitimu ze-reheater nazo zihlukile. Iwuhlobo lwe-convection, ngakho-ke njengoba umthamo womoya ukhula, izinga lokushisa le-steam liyakhula, futhi njengoba umthamo womoya uyancipha, izinga lokushisa le-steam liyehla.
2. Ithonya ohlangothini lwesitimu:
1) Umthelela womswakama ogcwele isitimu kuzinga lokushisa lesitimu. Ukwanda komswakama wesitimu, amanzi amaningi, kanye nezinga lokushisa lesitimu. Umswakama ogcwele isitimu uhlobene nekhwalithi yamanzi anesoda, izinga lamanzi lesigubhu somusi kanye nenani lokuhwamuka. Lapho ikhwalithi yamanzi e-boiler impofu futhi okuqukethwe kukasawoti kwanda, kulula ukubangela ukuhwamuka okuhlangene kwe-steam namanzi, okwenza umusi ufakwe; lapho izinga lamanzi ku-drum ye-steam lihlala liphezulu kakhulu, indawo yokuhlukanisa isihlukanisi sesiphepho ngaphakathi kwesigubhu siyancishiswa, futhi umphumela wokuhlukanisa umusi namanzi uyancishiswa, okungenzeka kubangele ukungena kwe-steam. Amanzi; lapho ukuhwamuka kwe-boiler kukhuphuka ngokuzumayo noma kugcwele ngokweqile, izinga lokugeleza kwesitimu liyakhula futhi ikhono lesitimu lokuthwala amaconsi amanzi liyakhula, okuzokwenza ukuthi ububanzi kanye nenani lamaconsi amanzi athwalwa isitimu esigcwele likhuphuke kakhulu. Izimo ezingenhla zizobangela ukwehla okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa le-steam, okuthi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kuzosongela ukusebenza okuphephile kwe-steam turbine. Ngakho-ke, zama ukukugwema ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
I-2) Ithonya lokucindezela okukhulu kwe-steam. Njengoba ingcindezi ikhula, izinga lokushisa lokugcwala liyakhula, futhi ukushisa okudingekayo ukushintsha amanzi abe isitimu kuyakhula. Lapho inani likaphethiloli lihlala lingashintshiwe, ivolumu yokuhwamuka kwebhayela iyehla ngokushesha, okungukuthi, inani lesitimu esidlula ku-heater elikhulu liyehla, bese iheater enkulukazi Izinga lokushisa lesitimu esigcwele endaweni yokungena liyenyuka, okubangela ukuba izinga lokushisa lesitimu likhuphuke. . Ngokuphambene nalokho, ingcindezi iyancipha futhi izinga lokushisa le-steam liyancipha. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umthelela wokushintsha kwengcindezi ekushiseni kuyinqubo yesikhashana. Njengoba ingcindezi iyancipha, umthamo kaphethiloli kanye nevolumu yomoya kuzokhula. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa le-steam ekugcineni lizokhuphuka, ngisho nangaphezulu (kuye ngokuthi ukwanda kwevolumu yamafutha). degree). Lapho uqonda lesi sihloko, khumbula ukuthi “Qaphela ukucisha umlilo lapho umfutho uphakeme (inani likaphethiloli lizoncipha kakhulu, libangele ukusha kubi nakakhulu), futhi qaphela ukushisa ngokweqile lapho umfutho uphansi.”
3) Ithonya lokushisa kwamanzi okuphakelayo. Njengoba izinga lokushisa lamanzi okuphakelayo likhula, inani likaphethiloli elidingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe inani elifanayo le-steam liyancipha, inani legesi ye-flue liyancipha futhi izinga lokugeleza liyancipha, futhi izinga lokushisa lokuphuma kwesithando somlilo liyehla. Sekukonke, isilinganiso sokumunca ukushisa kweheater enkulu ekhazimulayo siyakhuphuka, futhi isilinganiso sokumunca ukushisa kwe-convective superheater siyehla. Ngokwezici ze-convective superheater yethu echemile kanye ne-convective reheater ehlanzekile, izinga lokushisa eliyinhloko nelishisisa kabusha liyehla, bese kuthi umthamo wamanzi ashise kakhulu uyehla. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kwamanzi okuphakelayo kuzobangela izinga lokushisa eliyinhloko kanye nokushisa kabusha kwe-steam ukwanda. Ekusebenzeni kwangempela, kubonakala ikakhulukazi lapho kwenziwa ukunqanyulwa kwesivinini esikhulu kanye nemisebenzi yokufaka. Naka kakhulu futhi wenze izinguquko ngesikhathi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-10-2023
