1. Ukushisisa uketshezi
Ukusetshenziswa kwejeneretha ye-steam kwezokwelapha kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukushisa umuthi owuketshezi kanye nemithi yendabuko yamaShayina. Isibonelo, amalungiselelo emithi yamaShayina, imijovo yemithi yaseShayina, amalungiselelo ensimbi eshisayo asetshenziselwa imijovo ashiswa nge-steam. Ekukhiqizeni imithi yendabuko yamaShayina, ngokuvamile kudingekile ukupheka umuthi we-herbal waseShayina ekushiseni okuphezulu ukubulala amabhaktheriya namagciwane, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe umphumela wokwelapha womuthi. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunganciphisa ukulimala okubangelwa umuthi emzimbeni womuntu ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa, ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela ongcono. Amalungiselelo emithi yendabuko yamaShayina ashiswa kakhulu yi-steam, engakwazi nje ukunciphisa isikhathi sokulethwa phakathi kwemithi, kodwa futhi iphephile futhi iphumelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi ungabuye ugcinwe elangeni ukuze kwehliswe izindleko. Futhi kungonga isikhathi esiningi namandla abasebenzi, okuyindlela enhle yokonga amandla. Ishiswa ngamanzi ku-heater kanye ne-radiator ngejeneretha ye-steam, ukuze ikwazi ukugcina kahle izinga lama-molecule amanzi, ukuze umuthi ufinyelele izinga lokushisa elingcono kanye nomphumela wokushisa umusi, bese ufinyelela umphumela wokuvala inzalo futhi ukupholisa.
2. Ukupholisa uketshezi
Ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela omuhle wokupholisa womuthi, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukushisisa nokuhwamulisa uketshezi lwesidakamizwa, bese lungathunyelwa emishinini yokukhiqiza ukuze lusetshenziswe ngemva kokupholisa. Ngenxa yemvelo yento ngokwayo, ayikwazi ukushukunyiswa ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, ngakho-ke ukupholisa kwezidakamizwa kungenziwa kuphela ngezinye izindlela. Uma umuthi ushisa futhi upholile, akukhona nje ukuthi amandla amaningi achithwa, kodwa futhi akuhambisani nokuzinza kwekhwalithi yomuthi. Ngakho-ke, ingashiswa futhi ipholiswe ngokushesha ngokuvumelana nezidingo zomuthi we-liquid, ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu futhi kuguqule izithako ezisebenzayo zomuthi. Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, noma ephakeme nakakhulu. Kwezemithi, umsebenzi uzolahleka ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, okuholela ekwehleni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo (Yebo, izinto ezinobuthi zingase zikhiqizwe). Lokhu kudinga i-distillation ukwenza uketshezi lomuthi lufinyelele umphumela oyifunayo. Ijeneretha yesitimu iyidivayisi esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi evumelana nezimo. Ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ijeneretha yesitimu (noma inhlanganisela yayo) -idivayisi yokujikeleza kwamanzi ashisayo-ijeneretha-i-condenser yesitimu noma okokupholisa amanzi ajikijelwe ngamanzi abandayo kanye nemishini yokuhambisa amanzi nezinye izinto ezihlobene. Le ndlela ayikwazi nje ukupholisa umuthi, kodwa futhi inciphise ngempumelelo umswakama wayo, futhi igxilise noma yomise umuthi. Ukwamukela le ndlela akukwazi nje ukuthuthukisa izinga lokusebenzisa izinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nempumelelo yezidakamizwa, kodwa futhi kuvimbele ubuthi neminye imiphumela emibi ebangelwa ukushisa ngokweqile noma umlilo. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa enqubweni yemithi ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwezidakamizwa, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi kanye nesivuno, nokugcina ukusetshenziswa kwangempela.
3. Ama-Chemical agents, njll.
Amafomu omthamo wamakhemikhali ngokuvamile akhiwa ngamanzi, usawoti kanye nezinye izithako, njenge-ethylene glycol, amanzi e-ammonia, i-methanol, i-ether, i-chloroform, njll. Ngemva kokuba lezi zinto zokusetshenziswa zicutshungulwe, zingenziwa zibe amafomu emithamo ehlukene yoketshezi nezinto ezisizayo. Isibonelo, i-ethanol i-hydrolyzed ibe yi-acetaldehyde (BE), i-methanol iphelelwa amanzi ukuze ithole i-galactose ye-methanol; i-hemicellulose ye-cellulose acetate iyancibilika ukuze kutholwe i-kraft pulp, njll. Kukhona nemikhiqizo ye-chlorine ne-hydrolysis esetshenziswa kweminye imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali; ibuye ibe nomphumela omuhle wokwehlisa amafutha. Ingasetshenziswa kwezokwelapha. Isibonelo, ukomisa nge-generator ye-steam kunganciphisa umswakama womkhiqizo futhi kukhuthaze ukupholisa okufanayo kwezidakamizwa; kunenzuzo ekulawuleni izinga lomkhiqizo; kunganciphisa nokucindezela kokusebenza futhi konge amandla. Ukusetshenziswa kwesitimu ukushisisa amalungiselelo ahlukahlukene amakhemikhali ngokuvamile kungahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezimbili: icrystallization evaporative kanye nokupholisa komoya oshisayo. Ukukhiqizwa kwamalungiselelo emithi yendabuko yaseShayina akudingi ukushisa kwangaphambili nokomisa, okugcina amandla. Kodwa-ke, kulula ukubangela ukungcola ngesikhathi sokushisa, ngakho-ke i-generator ye-steam kufanele ilawule ngokuqinile izinga lokushisa lokushisa kanye nesilinganiso sokwakheka kwe-steam. Ngasikhathi sinye, imboni yezemithi idinga ukuklama amathangi emithi ewuketshezi enosayizi abahlukene ngokuya ngamafomula ahlukene, angasetshenziswa abantu abaningi ngasikhathi sinye, futhi angenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokugcwele ngesilawuli. Iphinde iqinisekise ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yezidakamizwa; igwema ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, futhi ayikwazi ukuqhubeka nokukhiqiza ngesikhathi ngemuva kokwenzeka kwezinkinga zomkhiqizo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-05-2023
