Kungani isitimu esishisa kakhulu sidinga ukwehliswa sibe isitimu esigcwele?

01. Isitimu esigcwele
Lapho amanzi eshiselwa ukuba abile ngaphansi kokucindezela okuthile, amanzi aqala ukuhwamuka futhi kancane kancane aphenduke abe isitimu. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa le-steam yizinga lokushisa lokugcwala, elibizwa ngokuthi "i-saturated steam". Isimo esikahle sokugcwala kwesitimu sibhekisela ebudlelwaneni bomuntu nomuntu phakathi kwezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi kanye nokuminyana kwesitimu.

02.Umusi oshisa kakhulu
Lapho isitimu esigcwele siqhubeka sishiswa futhi izinga lokushisa likhuphuka futhi lidlula izinga lokushisa le-saturation ngaphansi kwalokhu kucindezela, isitimu sizoba "isitimu esishisa kakhulu" ngezinga elithile lokushisa okuphezulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukucindezela, izinga lokushisa, nokuminyana akunakho ukuxhumana okukodwa kuya koyedwa. Uma isilinganiso sisasekelwe kusitimu esigcwele, iphutha lizoba likhulu.

Ekukhiqizeni kwangempela, abasebenzisi abaningi bazokhetha ukusebenzisa izitshalo zamandla ashisayo ukuze bashise indawo eyodwa. Isitimu esishisa kakhulu esikhiqizwa isikhungo sikagesi sinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nengcindezi ephezulu. Kudingeka idlule ohlelweni lwesiteshi sokunciphisa ukushisa nokunciphisa ukucindezela ukuze iguqule isitimu esishisa kakhulu sibe isitimu esigcwele ngaphambi kokusihambisa Kubasebenzisi, isitimu esishisisa kakhulu singakhulula kuphela ukushisa okucashile okuwusizo kakhulu uma kupholiswe kusimo sokugcwala.

Ngemuva kokuthi umusi oshisa kakhulu uthuthwa ngebanga elide, njengoba izimo zokusebenza (ezifana nezinga lokushisa nokucindezela) zishintsha, lapho izinga lokushisa lingekho phezulu, izinga lokushisa liyehla ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ukushisa, likuvumela ukuthi lingene esimweni esigcwele noma esine-supersaturated isimo esishisa kakhulu, bese sishintsha. iba isitimu esigcwele.

Kungani isitimu esishisa kakhulu sidinga ukwehliswa sibe isitimu esigcwele?
1.Isitimu esishisa kakhulu kufanele sipholiswe kuzinga lokushisa lokugcwala ngaphambi kokuthi sikhiphe i-enthalpy yokuhwamuka. Ukushisa okukhishwe ekupholiseni kwesitimu esishisa kakhulu kuya kuzinga lokushisa lokugcwala kuncane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-enthalpy yokuhwamuka. Uma ukushisa okukhulu kwesitimu kukuncane, le ngxenye yokushisa kulula ukuyikhulula, kodwa uma ukushisa okukhulu kukhulu, isikhathi sokupholisa sizoba side kakhulu, futhi ingxenye encane yokushisa ingakhululwa ngaleso sikhathi. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-enthalpy yokuhwamuka kwesitimu esigcwele, ukushisa okukhishwa isitimu esishisa kakhulu lapho kupholiswe kumazinga okushisa okugcwala kuncane kakhulu, okuzonciphisa ukusebenza kwemishini yokukhiqiza.

2.Ngokungafani nesitimu esigcwele, izinga lokushisa lomusi oshisa kakhulu aliqinisekile. Isitimu esishisa kakhulu kufanele sipholiswe ngaphambi kokuthi sikhiphe ukushisa, kuyilapho isitimu esigcwele sikhipha ukushisa kuphela ngokushintsha kwesigaba. Lapho isitimu esishisayo sikhipha ukushisa, izinga lokushisa liyakhiqizwa emshinini wokushintshanisa ukushisa. i-gradient. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa le-steam. Ukuzinza kwe-steam kuhambisana nokulawula ukushisa, ngoba ukudluliswa kokushisa ikakhulukazi kuncike ekuhlukeni kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kwe-steam nokushisa, futhi izinga lokushisa lomusi oshisa kakhulu kunzima ukuzinza, okungekhona ukulawula ukushisa.

3.Nakuba izinga lokushisa lesitimu esishisa kakhulu ngaphansi kwengcindezi efanayo lihlala liphakeme kunesitimu esigcwele, umthamo waso wokudlulisa ukushisa uphansi kakhulu kunalowo wesitimu esigcwele. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kahle kwe-steam eshisa kakhulu kuphansi kakhulu kune-steam egcwele ngesikhathi sokudlulisa ukushisa ngengcindezi efanayo.

Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesisetshenziswa, izinzuzo zokuguqula isitimu esishisisa kakhulu sibe isitimu esigcwele nge-desuperheater kuyadlula ukubi. Izinzuzo zayo zingafingqwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

I-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa yesitimu esigcwele iphezulu. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokufingqa, i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa iphakeme kune-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa yesitimu esishisa kakhulu ngokusebenzisa "i-superheating-heat transfer-cooling-saturation-condensation".

Ngenxa yokushisa kwayo okuphansi, isitimu esigcwele futhi sinezinzuzo eziningi zokusebenza kwemishini. Ingonga isitimu futhi inenzuzo kakhulu ekwehliseni ukusetshenziswa kwesitimu. Ngokuvamile, isitimu esigcwele sisetshenziselwa ukushintshanisa isitimu ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali.